Effect of Melilotus officinalis extract on the apoptosis of brain tissues by altering cerebral thrombosis and inflammatory mediators in acute cerebral ischemia.

Present investigation evaluates the protective effect of Melilotus officinalis (MO) extract on the brain tissues in acute cerebral ischemia. Acute cerebral ischemia was induced by occlusion of carotid artery and rats with cerebral ischemia were treated with MO (100, 250 & 500mg/kg) for the duration of three days. Cerebral ischemia was confirmed by estimating infract volume and neurological deficit score. Moreover biochemical parameters in plasma such as 6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2 and concentration of cytokine, oxidative stress, apoptosis ratio and protein expressions of Bcl2 & Bax were estimated in the brain tissues. It was observed that treatment with MO significantly (p<0.01) decreases the infract volume and neurological deficit score than negative control group. There was significant decrease (p<0.01) in the oxidative stress and cytokine in the brain tissues and increase in the plasma concentration of 6-keto-PGF1α in MO treated group of rats compared to negative control group. Plasma concentration of TXB 2 was significantly enhanced in MO treated group compared to negative control group of rats. It was also found that treatment with MO ameliorates the apoptosis induced by cerebral ischemia. Present study concludes that MO ameliorates apoptosis of brain tissues in cerebral ischemic rats by decreasing cerebral thrombosis, oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators.