Phytochemical Profile and Microbiological Activity of Some Plants Belonging to the Fabaceae Family.

This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition and the activity against (ATCC 25923), (ATCC 19615), (ATCC 25922), (ATCC 27853), (ATCC 12022), (ATCC 14028), type B (ATCC 10211) and two fungal strains: (ATCC 10231) and (ATCC 22019) of the extracts obtained from (MO), (CV); (OS) and (RP) (Fabaceae), and to identify the chemical compounds responsible for the antimicrobial effect against the tested strains. The extracts were obtained by conventional hydroalcoholic extraction and analyzed in terms of total polyphenols using the spectrophotometric method and by liquid chromatography (LC). The results have shown that the highest polyphenols content was recorded in the RP sample (16.21 mg gallic acid equivalent GAE/g), followed by the CV (15.06 mg GAE/g), the OS (13.17 mg GAE/g), the lowest value being recorded for the MO sample (11.94 mg GAE/g). The antimicrobial testing of plant extracts was carried out using the microdilution method. The most sensitive strains identified were: and , while protocatechuic acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid, quercetin, rutin, and kaempferol were identified as the chemical compounds responsible for the antibacterial effect. The analysis of the correlation between the chemical composition and the antimicrobial effect proved a moderate (r > 0.5) positive correlation between rosmarinic acid and (r = 0.526), rosmarinic acid and (r = 0.568), quercetin and (r = 0.553), quercetin and (r = 0.605). Therefore, it suggested possible antimicrobial activity generated by these chemical components. The results recommend the Fabaceae plants as promising candidates for further research to develop novel natural antimicrobial drugs.