Lichtenstein A V
Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Institute of Carcinogenesis, Moscow, 115478, Russia.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2017 Jan;82(1):75-80. doi: 10.1134/S0006297917010084.
Contrasting opinions on the role of extrinsic and intrinsic factors in cancer etiology (Tomasetti, C., and Vogelstein, B. (2015) Science, 347, 78-81; Wu, S., et al. (2016) Nature, 529, 43-47) variously define priorities in the war on cancer. The correlation between the lifetime risk of several types of cancer and the total number of divisions of normal self-renewing cells revealed by the authors has given them grounds to put forward the "bad luck" hypothesis. It assumes that ~70% of cancer variability is attributed to random errors arising during DNA replication in normal, noncancerous stem cells, i.e. to internal factors, which is impossible either to expect or to prevent. This assumption caused many critical responses that emphasize, on the contrary, the defining role of extrinsic factors in cancer etiology. The analysis of epidemiological and genetic data presented in this work testifies in favor of the "bad luck" hypothesis.
关于外在因素和内在因素在癌症病因学中作用的不同观点（托马塞蒂，C.，和沃格尔斯坦，B.（2015年）《科学》，347卷，78 - 81页；吴，S.等人（2016年）《自然》，529卷，43 - 47页）以不同方式界定了抗癌斗争中的优先事项。作者揭示的几种癌症的终生风险与正常自我更新细胞分裂总数之间的相关性，为他们提出“坏运气”假说提供了依据。该假说认为，约70%的癌症变异性归因于正常非癌细胞干细胞DNA复制过程中产生的随机错误，即内在因素，这是无法预期或预防的。这一假设引发了许多批判性回应，这些回应恰恰强调外在因素在癌症病因学中的决定性作用。本文所呈现的流行病学和遗传数据分析结果支持了“坏运气”假说。
