Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90027.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2017 Oct 3;7(10):a025700. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a025700.
The intestine shows extraordinary regenerative potential that might be harnessed to alleviate numerous morbid and lethal human diseases. The intestinal stem cells regenerate the epithelium every 5 days throughout an individual's lifetime. Understanding stem-cell signaling affords power to influence the niche environment for growing intestine. The manifold approaches to tissue engineering may be organized by variations of three basic components required for the transplantation and growth of stem/progenitor cells: (1) cell delivery materials or scaffolds; (2) donor cells including adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and in vitro expansion of isolated or cocultured epithelial, smooth muscle, myofibroblasts, or nerve cells; and (3) environmental modulators or biopharmaceuticals. Tissue engineering has been applied to the regeneration of every major region of the gastrointestinal tract from esophagus to colon, with scientists around the world aiming to carry these techniques into human therapy.
肠道具有非凡的再生潜能，可以用来缓解许多严重的致命性人类疾病。肠道干细胞在个体的一生中每 5 天就能再生肠道上皮细胞。了解干细胞信号通路可以为影响肠道生长的龛环境提供助力。多种组织工程方法可以通过移植和生长干细胞/祖细胞所需的三种基本成分的变化来组织：（1）细胞输送材料或支架；（2）供体细胞包括成体干细胞、诱导多能干细胞，以及分离或共培养的上皮细胞、平滑肌细胞、肌成纤维细胞或神经细胞的体外扩增；（3）环境调节剂或生物制药。组织工程已应用于从食管到结肠的胃肠道的每一个主要区域的再生，世界各地的科学家都旨在将这些技术应用于人类治疗。
