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视角:非统计反应动力学的化学动力学模拟

Perspective: chemical dynamics simulations of non-statistical reaction dynamics.

作者信息

Ma Xinyou, Hase William L

机构信息

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA

出版信息

Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2017 Apr 28;375(2092). doi: 10.1098/rsta.2016.0204.

Abstract

Non-statistical chemical dynamics are exemplified by disagreements with the transition state (TS), RRKM and phase space theories of chemical kinetics and dynamics. The intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) is often used for the former two theories, and non-statistical dynamics arising from non-IRC dynamics are often important. In this perspective, non-statistical dynamics are discussed for chemical reactions, with results primarily obtained from chemical dynamics simulations and to a lesser extent from experiment. The non-statistical dynamical properties discussed are: post-TS dynamics, including potential energy surface bifurcations, product energy partitioning in unimolecular dissociation and avoiding exit-channel potential energy minima; non-RRKM unimolecular decomposition; non-IRC dynamics; direct mechanisms for bimolecular reactions with pre- and/or post-reaction potential energy minima; non-TS theory barrier recrossings; and roaming dynamics.This article is part of the themed issue 'Theoretical and computational studies of non-equilibrium and non-statistical dynamics in the gas phase, in the condensed phase and at interfaces'.

摘要

非统计化学动力学的例子包括与化学动力学和动力学的过渡态(TS)、RRKM和相空间理论不一致的情况。内在反应坐标(IRC)常用于前两种理论,而非IRC动力学产生的非统计动力学通常很重要。从这个角度出发,本文讨论了化学反应的非统计动力学,结果主要来自化学动力学模拟,在较小程度上来自实验。所讨论的非统计动力学性质包括:过渡态后动力学,包括势能面分叉、单分子解离中的产物能量分配以及避免出口通道势能极小值;非RRKM单分子分解;非IRC动力学;具有反应前和/或反应后势能极小值的双分子反应的直接机制;非过渡态理论的势垒再穿越;以及漫游动力学。本文是主题为“气相、凝聚相和界面中非平衡和非统计动力学的理论和计算研究”的特刊的一部分。

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