Cui Yanting, Ren Xianyun, Li Jian, Zhai Qianqian, Feng Yanyan, Xu Yang, Ma Li
Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2017 May;64:270-275. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.03.028. Epub 2017 Mar 16.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immunological responses, such as phenoloxidase (PO), antibacterial, and bacteriolytic activities, and metabolic variables, such as oxyhemocyanin, lactate, and glucose levels, of Litopenaeus vannamei exposed to ambient ammonia-N at 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 mg/L for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h, and determine the effects of the eyestalk hormone on the metabolic and immune functions of unilateral eyestalk-ablated L. vannamei exposed to ambient ammonia-N at 10 mg/L. The actual concentrations of the control and test solutions were 0.04, 2.77, 6.01, 8.30, and 11.36 mg/L for ammonia-N and 0.01, 0.15, 0.32, 0.44, and 0.60 mg/L for NH-N (unionized ammonia). The results showed a significant decrease in the PO, antibacterial, and bacteriolytic activities in the plasma as well as a significant increase in the glucose and lactate levels and decreased oxyhemocyanin levels in the hemolymph of L. vannamei exposed to elevated ammonia-N levels. These findings indicated that L. vannamei exposed to ammonia-N might demonstrate weakened metabolic and immunological responses. Moreover, eyestalk removal caused a dramatic decrease in PO, antibacterial, and bacteriolytic activities, which indicated that the eyestalk hormone in L. vannamei exhibited a higher immune response due to the induction of protective mechanisms against ammonia-N stress. Eyestalk removal also caused a dramatic decrease in glucose and lactate levels, suggesting that the eyestalk hormone is involved in glucose metabolism to meet the energy requirements under ammonia-N stress conditions.
本研究的目的是评估凡纳滨对虾在暴露于0、2.5、5、7.5和10mg/L环境氨氮0、3、6、12、24和48小时后的免疫反应，如酚氧化酶（PO）、抗菌和溶菌活性，以及代谢变量，如氧合血蓝蛋白、乳酸和葡萄糖水平，并确定眼柄激素对单侧眼柄切除的凡纳滨对虾在暴露于10mg/L环境氨氮时的代谢和免疫功能的影响。对照溶液和测试溶液中氨氮的实际浓度分别为0.04、2.77、6.01、8.30和11.36mg/L，NH-N（非离子氨）的实际浓度分别为0.01、0.15、0.32、0.44和0.60mg/L。结果表明，暴露于高氨氮水平的凡纳滨对虾血浆中的PO、抗菌和溶菌活性显著降低，血淋巴中的葡萄糖和乳酸水平显著升高，氧合血蓝蛋白水平降低。这些发现表明，暴露于氨氮的凡纳滨对虾可能表现出代谢和免疫反应减弱。此外，眼柄切除导致PO、抗菌和溶菌活性急剧下降，这表明凡纳滨对虾中的眼柄激素由于诱导了针对氨氮胁迫的保护机制而表现出更高的免疫反应。眼柄切除还导致葡萄糖和乳酸水平急剧下降，表明眼柄激素参与葡萄糖代谢以满足氨氮胁迫条件下的能量需求。
