Johal Simran, Jamsen Kris M, Bell J Simon, Mc Namara Kevin P, Magliano Dianna J, Liew Danny, Ryan-Atwood Taliesin E, Anderson Claire, Ilomäki Jenni
1 Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Australia.
2 Division of Pharmacy Practice and Policy, University of Nottingham, UK.
Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2017 Apr;24(6):621-627. doi: 10.1177/2047487316684054. Epub 2016 Dec 15.
Background Lifestyle and dietary advice typically precedes or accompanies the prescription of statin medications. However, evidence for adherence to this advice is sparse. The objective was to compare saturated fat intake, exercise, alcohol consumption and smoking between statin users and non-users in Australia. Methods Data were analysed for 4614 participants aged ≥37 years in the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study in 2011-2012. Statin use, smoking status and physical activity were self-reported. Saturated fat and alcohol intake were measured via a food frequency questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression was used to compute adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between statin use and the four lifestyle factors. All models were adjusted for age, sex, education, number of general practitioner visits, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes and prior cardiovascular diseases. Results In total 1108 (24%) participants used a statin. Statin users were 29% less likely to be within the highest quartile versus the lowest quartile of daily saturated fat intake compared to non-users (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.54-0.94). There were no statistically significant associations between statin use and smoking, physical activity or alcohol consumption. Conclusions Smoking status, alcohol consumption and exercise level did not differ between users and non-users of statins. However, statin users were less likely to consume high levels of saturated fat than non-users. We found no evidence that people took statins to compensate for a poor diet or lifestyle.
背景 生活方式和饮食建议通常在他汀类药物处方之前或与之同时给出。然而，关于遵守这些建议的证据却很少。目的是比较澳大利亚他汀类药物使用者和非使用者之间的饱和脂肪摄入量、运动量、酒精摄入量和吸烟情况。方法 对2011 - 2012年澳大利亚糖尿病、肥胖与生活方式研究中4614名年龄≥37岁的参与者的数据进行分析。他汀类药物使用情况、吸烟状况和身体活动情况通过自我报告获得。饱和脂肪和酒精摄入量通过食物频率问卷进行测量。采用多项逻辑回归计算他汀类药物使用与这四种生活方式因素之间关联的调整比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。所有模型均对年龄、性别、教育程度、全科医生就诊次数、体重指数、高血压、糖尿病和既往心血管疾病进行了调整。结果 共有1108名（24%）参与者使用他汀类药物。与非使用者相比，他汀类药物使用者每日饱和脂肪摄入量处于最高四分位数而非最低四分位数的可能性低29%（OR 0.71，95% CI 0.54 - 0.94）。他汀类药物使用与吸烟、身体活动或酒精消费之间无统计学显著关联。结论 他汀类药物使用者和非使用者之间的吸烟状况、酒精消费和运动水平没有差异。然而，他汀类药物使用者摄入高水平饱和脂肪的可能性低于非使用者。我们没有发现人们服用他汀类药物是为了弥补不良饮食或生活方式的证据。
