Neuhoff John G, Bochtler Katharina S
Department of Psychology, The College of Wooster, Wooster, OH, USA.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2018 May;71(5):1100-1111. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2017.1310266. Epub 2018 Jan 1.
In a change deafness manipulation using radio broadcasts of sporting events, we show that change deafness to a switch in talker increases when listeners are asked to monitor both lexical and indexical information for change. We held semantic content constant and demonstrated a change deafness rate of 85% when participants listened to the home team broadcast of a hockey game that switched midway to the away team broadcast with a different announcer. In Study 2, participants were asked to monitor either the indexical characteristics ( listen for a change in announcer) or both the indexical and semantic components ( listen for a change in announcer or a goal scored). Monitoring both components led to significantly greater change deafness even though both groups were alerted to the possibility of a change in announcer. In Study 3, we changed both the indexical and the semantic components when the broadcast switched from a hockey game to a basketball game. We found a negative correlation between sports expertise and change deafness. The results are discussed in terms of the nature of perceptual representation and the influence of expertise and evolution on attention allocation.
在一项利用体育赛事广播进行的变化盲听操作中，我们发现，当要求听众同时监测说话者切换时的词汇信息和索引信息变化时，对说话者切换的变化盲听现象会增加。我们保持语义内容不变，当参与者收听一场曲棍球比赛的主队广播，而比赛中途切换到客队广播且播音员不同时，变化盲听率达到了85%。在研究2中，要求参与者要么监测索引特征（收听播音员的变化），要么监测索引和语义成分两者（收听播音员的变化或进球情况）。尽管两组都被告知播音员可能会发生变化，但监测两者会导致明显更高的变化盲听率。在研究3中，当广播从曲棍球比赛切换到篮球比赛时，我们同时改变了索引成分和语义成分。我们发现体育专业知识与变化盲听之间存在负相关。我们将根据知觉表征的性质以及专业知识和进化对注意力分配的影响来讨论这些结果。
