State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210046, P.R.China.
Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 22;7:44934. doi: 10.1038/srep44934.
Deterministic secure quantum communication (DSQC) can transmit secret messages between two parties without first generating a shared secret key. Compared with quantum key distribution (QKD), DSQC avoids the waste of qubits arising from basis reconciliation and thus reaches higher efficiency. In this paper, based on data block transmission and order rearrangement technologies, we propose a DSQC protocol. It utilizes a set of single d-level systems as message carriers, which are used to directly encode the secret message in one communication process. Theoretical analysis shows that these employed technologies guarantee the security, and the use of a higher dimensional quantum system makes our protocol achieve higher security and efficiency. Since only quantum memory is required for implementation, our protocol is feasible with current technologies. Furthermore, Trojan horse attack (THA) is taken into account in our protocol. We give a THA model and show that THA significantly increases the multi-photon rate and can thus be detected.
确定性安全量子通信（DSQC）可以在不首先生成共享密钥的情况下在两方之间传输秘密消息。与量子密钥分发（QKD）相比，DSQC 避免了由于基态校准而导致的量子位浪费，从而达到了更高的效率。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于数据块传输和顺序重排技术的 DSQC 协议。它使用一组单 d 级系统作为消息载体，用于在一次通信过程中直接对秘密消息进行编码。理论分析表明，这些所采用的技术保证了安全性，并且使用更高维的量子系统使得我们的协议具有更高的安全性和效率。由于仅需要量子存储器来实现，因此我们的协议在当前技术下是可行的。此外，我们的协议考虑了木马攻击（THA）。我们给出了 THA 模型，并表明 THA 显著增加了多光子率，因此可以检测到。
