Morgan Amy R, Bellucci Claudia Crilly, Coppersmith Jody, Linde Sebastian B, Curtis Arthur, Albert Meredith, O'Gara Mary M, Kapp-Simon Kathleen
Shriners Hospitals for Children, Chicago, IL.
Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2017 May 17;26(2):342-354. doi: 10.1044/2016_AJSLP-16-0030.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether language skills differed between children with cleft palate or cleft lip and palate (CP±CL) who were adopted into an English-speaking home from a non-English-speaking country (late English exposure [LE]) and children with CP±CL raised from birth in an English-speaking home (early English exposure [EE]).
Children (51 LE, 67 EE), ages 3;0 (years;months) to 9;0, completed the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals (CELF), Preschool Second Edition or Fourth Edition. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the impact of age of adoption and time in an English-speaking home on language skills, as measured by the CELF-P2 and CELF-4.
Children with CP±CL who were adopted scored less well on all language indices, with mean adjusted differences between LE and EE children ranging from 0.4 to 0.7 SD on the CELF index scales. Only 53% of the EE children and 57% of the LE children obtained scores above 90 on all indices. For LE children, younger age at adoption was associated with better language skills.
CP±CL increases risk for language delay, with the highest risk for LE children. LE children with CP±CL should receive language services soon after adoption.
本研究旨在确定从非英语国家被收养到说英语家庭的腭裂或唇腭裂（CP±CL）儿童（英语接触较晚[LE]）与自幼在说英语家庭中长大的CP±CL儿童（英语接触较早[EE]）在语言技能方面是否存在差异。
年龄在3岁0个月至9岁0个月的儿童（51名LE儿童，67名EE儿童）完成了《语言基本能力临床评估》（CELF）第二版或第四版学前版。采用线性回归分析，以CELF - P2和CELF - 4衡量，评估收养年龄和在说英语家庭中的时间对语言技能的影响。
被收养的CP±CL儿童在所有语言指标上得分较低，在CELF指标量表上，LE儿童和EE儿童的平均调整差异在0.4至0.7个标准差之间。EE儿童中只有53%、LE儿童中只有57%在所有指标上得分高于90分。对于LE儿童，收养时年龄较小与较好的语言技能相关。
CP±CL会增加语言发育迟缓的风险，LE儿童风险最高。患有CP±CL的LE儿童在收养后应尽快接受语言服务。
