Perlova Nataliya, Dzyazko Yuliya, Perlova Olga, Palchik Alexey, Sazonova Valentina
Department of Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Odessa I. I. Mechnikov National University of the MES of Ukraine, Dvoryanska str., 2, Odesa, 65082, Ukraine.
Department of Sorption and Membrane Materials and Processes, V.I. Vernadskii Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, Palladin ave. 32/34, Kyiv, 03142, Ukraine.
Nanoscale Res Lett. 2017 Dec;12(1):209. doi: 10.1186/s11671-017-1987-y. Epub 2017 Mar 21.
Organic-inorganic ion-exchangers were obtained by incorporation of zirconium hydrophosphate into gel-like strongly acidic polymer matrix by means of precipitation from the solution of zirconium oxychloride with phosphoric acid. The approach for purposeful control of a size of the incorporated particles has been developed based on Ostwald-Freundich equation. This equation has been adapted for precipitation in ion exchange materials. Both single nanoparticles (2-20 nm) and their aggregates were found in the polymer. Regulation of salt or acid concentration allows us to decrease size of the aggregates approximately in 10 times. Smaller particles are formed in the resin, which possess lower exchange capacity. Sorption of U(VI) cations from the solution containing also hydrochloride acid was studied. Exchange capacity of the composites is ≈2 times higher in comparison with the pristine resin. The organic-inorganic sorbents show higher sorption rate despite chemical interaction of sorbed ions with functional groups of the inorganic constituent: the models of reaction of pseudo-first or pseudo-second order can be applied. In general, decreasing in size of incorporated particles provides acceleration of ion exchange. The composites can be regenerated completely, this gives a possibility of their multiple use.
通过用磷酸从氧氯化锆溶液中沉淀，将磷酸锆掺入凝胶状强酸性聚合物基质中，从而获得有机 - 无机离子交换剂。基于奥斯特瓦尔德 - 弗伦德里希方程，开发了一种有目的地控制掺入颗粒尺寸的方法。该方程已适用于离子交换材料中的沉淀。在聚合物中发现了单个纳米颗粒（2 - 20纳米）及其聚集体。调节盐或酸的浓度可使聚集体尺寸减小约10倍。在树脂中形成的较小颗粒具有较低的交换容量。研究了从含有盐酸的溶液中吸附U(VI)阳离子的情况。与原始树脂相比，复合材料的交换容量约高2倍。尽管被吸附离子与无机成分的官能团发生化学相互作用，但有机 - 无机吸附剂仍显示出较高的吸附速率：可以应用伪一级或伪二级反应模型。一般来说，掺入颗粒尺寸的减小会加快离子交换速度。复合材料可以完全再生，这使其有可能多次使用。
