Dzyazko Yu S, Rozhdestvenska L M, Vasilyuk S L, Kudelko K O, Belyakov V N
V.I. Vernadskii Institute of General & Inorganic Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, Palladin Ave. 32/34, 03680, Kiev 142, Ukraine.
Nanoscale Res Lett. 2017 Dec;12(1):438. doi: 10.1186/s11671-017-2208-4. Epub 2017 Jun 30.
Composite membranes were obtained by modification of heterogeneous polymer cation and anion-exchange membranes with nanoparticles of zirconium hydrophosphate and hydrated zirconium dioxide, respectively. The ion-exchange materials were investigated with the methods of electron microscopy, potentiometry, voltammetry, and impedance spectroscopy. Single nanoparticles, which were precipitated in aqueous media, form aggregates, when the composites are in a contact with polar organic solvent. Both single nanoparticles (up to 10 nm) and their aggregates (up to 200 nm) were precipitated in ion-exchange polymers in glycerol media. Non-aggregated nanoparticles improve electrical conductivity of the ion-exchange materials, the aggregates are barriers against fouling. The membranes were applied to NaCl removal from highly concentrated glycerine-water mixture containing organic additives (byproduct of biodiesel production). As opposite to pristine materials, the composites demonstrate stability against fouling.
通过分别用磷酸氢锆纳米颗粒和水合二氧化锆对非均相聚合物阳离子和阴离子交换膜进行改性，制备了复合膜。采用电子显微镜、电位滴定法、伏安法和阻抗谱法对离子交换材料进行了研究。当复合材料与极性有机溶剂接触时，在水介质中沉淀的单个纳米颗粒会形成聚集体。在甘油介质中，单个纳米颗粒（直径达10纳米）及其聚集体（直径达200纳米）都沉淀在离子交换聚合物中。未聚集的纳米颗粒提高了离子交换材料的电导率，而聚集体则起到防污的屏障作用。这些膜被应用于从含有有机添加剂（生物柴油生产的副产物）的高浓度甘油 - 水混合物中去除氯化钠。与原始材料不同，复合材料表现出抗污染稳定性。
