Defense response enhancement in strawberry via elicitors.

In this study, cell-suspension culture of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa), cultivars Camarosa, and Sweet Charlie has been established. Embryogenic callus was induced by incubating the in vitro juvenile leaf explants on medium, containing 2-mg/l picloram at dark. Suspension culture was initiated from 4-week-old embryogenic calli in the liquid MS medium with 1-mg/l 2,4-D and 2-mg/l picloram. Suspension culture was maintained by sub-culturing each 3 weeks into a fresh medium. At week 9 after third sub-cultures, torpedo and cotyledonary embryo stages were observed. Embryos were then developed into shoots on medium 1 mg/l of each BA and IBA. Obtained shoots were successfully rooted on 1-mg/ml GA3, 0.5-mg/ml BA, and 1-mg/ml IBA. To enhance the resistance availability in strawberry plants, elicitation was applied by adding the JA and SA elicitors to the suspension culture with two doses (0.5 and 1 mM) individually and in combination, in addition to the fungal homogenate of Macrophomina phasiolena at concentration of 10 spor/ml. The fawrky-1-Camarosa gene, which has defense-related function, was detected in the different elicited strawberry tissues and isolated via RT-PCR. The isolated gene was submitted to GenBank with accession number (KX096885).