Bliss-Moreau Eliza, Moadab Gilda, Machado Christopher J
Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis.
Emotion. 2017 Aug;17(5):765-771. doi: 10.1037/emo0000292. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
Despite evolutionary claims about the function of facial behaviors across phylogeny, rarely are those hypotheses tested in a comparative context-that is, by evaluating how nonhuman animals process such behaviors. Further, while increasing evidence indicates that humans make meaning of faces by integrating contextual information, including that from the body, the extent to which nonhuman animals process contextual information during affective displays is unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the extent to which rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) process dynamic affective displays of conspecifics that included both facial and body behaviors. Contrary to hypotheses that they would preferentially attend to faces during affective displays, monkeys looked for longest, most frequently, and first at conspecifics' bodies rather than their heads. These findings indicate that macaques, like humans, attend to available contextual information during the processing of affective displays, and that the body may also be providing unique information about affective states. (PsycINFO Database Record
尽管有关于面部行为在整个系统发育中的功能的进化论断，但这些假设很少在比较背景下进行检验——也就是说，通过评估非人类动物如何处理此类行为来检验。此外，虽然越来越多的证据表明人类通过整合包括来自身体的上下文信息来理解面部表情，但非人类动物在情感展示过程中处理上下文信息的程度尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们评估了恒河猴（猕猴）处理同种个体动态情感展示（包括面部和身体行为）的程度。与它们在情感展示期间会优先关注面部的假设相反，猴子注视同种个体身体而非头部的时间最长、频率最高且最早。这些发现表明，猕猴与人类一样，在处理情感展示时会关注可用的上下文信息，并且身体可能也在提供有关情感状态的独特信息。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》
