Ślosarczyk Agnieszka
Poznan University of Technology, Institute of Structural Engineering, Piotrowo 5 street, 60-965 Poznań, Poland.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2017 Feb 16;7(2):44. doi: 10.3390/nano7020044.
The presented paper contains a brief review on the synthesis and characterization of silica aerogels and its nanocomposites with nanofibers and fibers based on a literature study over the past twenty years and my own research. Particular attention is focused on carbon fiber-based silica aerogel nanocomposites. Silica aerogel is brittle in nature, therefore, it is necessary to improve this drawback, e.g., by polymer modification or fiber additives. Nevertheless, there are very few articles in the literature devoted to the synthesis of silica aerogel/fiber nanocomposites, especially those focusing on carbon fibers and nanofibers. Carbon fibers are very interesting materials, namely due to their special properties: high conductivity, high mechanical properties in relation to very low bulk densities, high thermal stability, and chemical resistance in the silica aerogel matrix, which can help enhance silica aerogel applications in the future.
基于过去二十年的文献研究和我自己的研究，本文简要综述了二氧化硅气凝胶及其与纳米纤维和纤维的纳米复合材料的合成与表征。特别关注基于碳纤维的二氧化硅气凝胶纳米复合材料。二氧化硅气凝胶本质上是脆性的，因此，有必要改善这一缺点，例如通过聚合物改性或添加纤维。然而，文献中很少有关于二氧化硅气凝胶/纤维纳米复合材料合成的文章，尤其是那些专注于碳纤维和纳米纤维的文章。碳纤维是非常有趣的材料，这主要归因于它们的特殊性能：高导电性、相对于非常低的堆积密度具有高机械性能、高热稳定性以及在二氧化硅气凝胶基质中的耐化学性，这些特性有助于在未来扩大二氧化硅气凝胶的应用。
