包括纳米填料在内的填料对聚合物耐刮擦性和耐磨性的改善

Brostow Witold, Lobland Haley E Hagg, Hnatchuk Nathalie, Perez Jose M

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 North Elm Street, Denton, TX 76207, USA.

Department of Physics, University of North Texas, 3940 North Elm Street, Denton, TX 76207, USA.

Nanomaterials (Basel). 2017 Mar 16;7(3):66. doi: 10.3390/nano7030066.

Polymers have lower resistance to scratching and wear than metals. Liquid lubricants work well for metals but not for polymers nor for polymer-based composites (PBCs). We review approaches for improvement of tribological properties of polymers based on inclusion of fillers. The fillers can be metallic or ceramic-with obvious consequences for electrical resistivity of the composites. Distinctions between effectiveness of micro- versus nano-particles are analyzed. For example, aluminum nanoparticles as filler are more effective for property improvement than microparticles at the same overall volumetric concentration. Prevention of local agglomeration of filler particles is discussed along with a technique to verify the prevention.

聚合物比金属更不耐刮擦和磨损。液体润滑剂对金属有效，但对聚合物和聚合物基复合材料（PBC）无效。我们综述了基于添加填料来改善聚合物摩擦学性能的方法。填料可以是金属的或陶瓷的，这对复合材料的电阻率有明显影响。分析了微米级与纳米级颗粒有效性之间的差异。例如，在相同的总体积浓度下，作为填料的铝纳米颗粒比微米颗粒在性能改善方面更有效。讨论了防止填料颗粒局部团聚的方法以及一种验证预防效果的技术。