Mitchell Lachlan J, Argus Christos K, Taylor Kristie-Lee, Sheppard Jeremy M, Chapman Dale W
a Australian Institute of Sport.
b University of Canberra.
Res Q Exerc Sport. 2017 Jun;88(2):184-192. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2017.1293777. Epub 2017 Mar 24.
There is uncertainty as to which knee angle during a squat jump (SJ) produces maximal jump performance. Importantly, understanding this information will aid in determining appropriate ratios for assessment and monitoring of the explosive characteristics of athletes.
This study compared SJ performance across different knee angles-90º, 100º, 110º, 120º, 130º, and a self-selected depth-for jump height and other kinetic characteristics. For comparison between SJ and an unconstrained dynamic movement, participants also performed a countermovement jump from a self-selected depth. Thirteen participants (M = 25.4 ± 3.5 years, M = 1.8 ± 0.06 m, M = 79.8 ± 9.5 kg) were recruited and tested for their SJ performance.
In the SJ, maximal jump height (35.4 ± 4.6 cm) was produced using a self-selected knee angle (98.7 ± 11.2°). Differences between 90°, 100°, and self-selected knee angles for jump height were trivial (ES ± 90% CL = 90°-100° 0.23 ± 0.12, 90°-SS -0.04 ± 0.12, 100°-SS -0.27 ± 0.20; 0.5-2.4 cm) and not statistically different. Differences between all other knee angles for jump height ranged from 3.8 ± 2.0 cm (mean ± 90% CL) to 16.6 ± 2.2 cm. A similar outcome to jump height was observed for velocity, force relative to body weight, and impulse for the assessed knee angles.
For young physically active adult men, the use of a self-selected depth in the SJ results in optimal performance and has only a trivial difference to a constrained knee angle of either 90° or 100°.
深蹲跳（SJ）过程中哪个膝关节角度能产生最大跳跃性能尚不确定。重要的是，了解这些信息将有助于确定评估和监测运动员爆发力特征的合适比例。
本研究比较了不同膝关节角度（90°、100°、110°、120°、130°）以及自选深度下的SJ跳跃高度和其他动力学特征。为了比较SJ与无约束动态运动，参与者还从自选深度进行了反向运动跳。招募了13名参与者（年龄M = 25.4 ± 3.5岁，身高M = 1.8 ± 0.06米，体重M = 79.8 ± 9.5千克）并测试他们的SJ性能。
在SJ中，自选膝关节角度（98.7 ± 11.2°）产生了最大跳跃高度（35.4 ± 4.6厘米）。90°、100°和自选膝关节角度之间的跳跃高度差异微不足道（效应量±90%置信区间：90° - 100°为0.23 ± 0.12，90° - 自选角度为 - 0.04 ± 0.12，100° - 自选角度为 - 0.27 ± 0.20；0.5 - 2.4厘米），且无统计学差异。其他所有膝关节角度之间的跳跃高度差异范围为3.8 ± 2.0厘米（平均值±90%置信区间）至16.6 ± 2.2厘米。对于评估的膝关节角度，在速度、相对于体重的力和冲量方面观察到与跳跃高度类似的结果。
对于年轻、身体活跃的成年男性，在SJ中使用自选深度可产生最佳性能，与90°或100°的受限膝关节角度相比，差异微不足道。
