日粮粗粉碎玉米和 3 种垫料类型对肉鸡生产性能、垫料特性、肌胃和腺胃重量及养分消化率的影响。

Effects of dietary coarsely ground corn and 3 bedding floor types on broiler live performance, litter characteristics, gizzard and proventriculus weight, and nutrient digestibility.

机构信息

Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7608.

出版信息

Poult Sci. 2017 Jul 1;96(7):2110-2119. doi: 10.3382/ps/pew485.

Abstract

The effects of zero or 50% dietary coarsely ground corn (CC) in pelleted and screened grower and finisher diets on broilers reared on 3 bedding floor types (plastic net [NET], new pine wood shavings litter [NEW], or old pine wood shavings litter [OLD]) on broiler live performance, litter characteristics, gizzard and proventriculus weight, and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) were studied in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Fine corn was produced with a hammermill (271 μm) and CC with a roller mill (1145 μm). Utilization of CC reduced milling cost by 9.47 cents per MT with similar nutrient content of screened pellets. The 50% CC treatment exhibited improved (P ≤ 0.05) feed intake at 42 d (2.5%) and 49 d (3.0%), and BW (5.4%) and FCR from 28 d (1.4%). Birds on NEW litter exhibited improved (P < 0.05) BW at 28 and 35 d and 42 d FCR as compared to NET and 49 d FCR compared to NET and OLD. The 50% CC treatment exhibited increased (P < 0.05) gizzard weight but decreased proventriculus weight at 49 d. NEW litter birds exhibited increased (P ≤ 0.05) gizzard weight at 28 d and 49 d and decreased proventriculus weight as compared to NET at 49 days. The 50% CC treatment exhibited decreased (P ≤ 0.05) litter moisture at 35 and 42 d, litter N at 35 and 49 d, and litter pH at 49 days. OLD litter birds exhibited greater (P < 0.05) litter N at 14, 35, and 49 d, as well as litter moisture, pH, and ammonia concentration at 49 days. The 50% CC group also exhibited improved AID of nitrogen (P < 0.05). Broilers fed pelleted and screened diets containing 50% CC exhibited improved live performance and reduced litter moisture while use of NEW litter resulted in a somewhat similar effect, which indicated that consumption of NEW litter also facilitated gastric development and function.

摘要

在三种垫料类型（塑料网 [NET]、新松木刨花垫料 [NEW]或旧松木刨花垫料 [OLD]）上饲养的肉鸡中，研究了在育肥和育肥日粮中添加或不添加 0%或 50%粗磨玉米（CC）对肉鸡活体性能、垫料特性、肌胃和前胃重量以及表观回肠消化率（AID）的影响。细玉米由锤磨机（271μm）生产，CC 由辊式磨（1145μm）生产。与筛选颗粒的相似营养含量相比，CC 的使用降低了每公吨 9.47 美分的制粉成本。50%CC 处理在 42 天（2.5%）和 49 天（3.0%）时提高了采食量，28 天（1.4%）、49 天（1.4%）BW 和 FCR 也提高了。在 NEW 垫料上饲养的鸡在 28 和 35 天 BW 和 42 天 FCR 以及与 NET 和 OLD 相比 49 天 FCR 方面表现出改善（P<0.05）。50%CC 处理在 49 天时增加了（P<0.05）肌胃重量，但减少了前胃重量。在 28 天和 49 天时，NEW 垫料饲养的鸡表现出增加（P<0.05）的肌胃重量和 49 天时减少的前胃重量，与 NET 相比。50%CC 处理在 35 天和 42 天降低了（P<0.05）垫料水分，35 天和 49 天降低了垫料 N，49 天降低了垫料 pH。49 天 OLD 垫料饲养的鸡的垫料 N 较高（P<0.05），在 14、35 和 49 天，以及垫料水分、pH 和氨浓度也较高。50%CC 组还提高了氮的 AID（P<0.05）。饲喂含有 50%CC 的颗粒状和筛选日粮的肉鸡表现出改善的生活性能和降低的垫料水分，而使用 NEW 垫料则产生了类似的效果，这表明消耗 NEW 垫料也有助于胃的发育和功能。