Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia; Animal production, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Duhok, 42003, Kurdistan-Iraq.
Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.
Poult Sci. 2017 Sep 1;96(9):3272-3281. doi: 10.3382/ps/pex123.
Measures to improve gut health and nutrient digestibility have been sought due to in-feed antibiotics being phased out in poultry. The appropriate physical structure of feed ingredients and addition of dietary fiber may be beneficial in enhancing gut health in poultry. In this study, the effect of a lignocellulose-rich fiber source and corn particle size on broiler performance, gizzard development, nutrient digestibility, cecal microflora, and litter quality was evaluated. A total of 684 day-old male Ross 308 chicks were randomly allocated to 6 treatments with 6 replicate pens, each housing 19 birds. A 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments was applied with the factors of: corn particle size (coarse: 2,982 μm or fine: 941 μm geometric mean diameter), and 3 levels of lignocellulose (0%, 1% or 2%). Significant particle size × fiber interaction was observed for feed conversion ratio (FCR) at d 10 (P < 0.05). The birds fed coarsely ground corn (CGC) had lower FCR than those fed finely ground corn (FGC) only at 2% of lignocellulose but not at 1% or no lignocellulose addition. Birds fed FGC were heavier (P < 0.001) at d 10. In contrast, at d 24 and 35, birds fed CGC had lower FCR than those fed FGC (P < 0.05). Ileal gross energy and protein digestibility increased in birds fed CGC compared with those fed FGC at d 24 (P < 0.05). Relative gizzard weight was higher (P < 0.05) on d 24 and 35 in birds fed CGC as compared to those fed FGC. Birds consumed 2% dietary lignocellulose had decreased counts of cecal Clostridium spp. compared to those with 1% lignocellulose (P < 0.05) at d 24. On d 35, both levels of lignocellulose had significantly decreased (P < 0.05) litter moisture content compared to the control. In conclusion, birds fed pelleted diets containing CGC exhibited improved FCR, and increased nutrient digestibility, which may have been caused by larger gizzards. Furthermore, dietary lignocellulose addition is beneficial to litter quality.
由于饲料中的抗生素在禽类中被逐步淘汰，因此人们一直在寻找改善肠道健康和养分消化率的措施。饲料成分的适当物理结构和膳食纤维的添加可能有助于增强禽类的肠道健康。在这项研究中，评估了富含木质纤维素的纤维源和玉米粒度对肉鸡生产性能、肌胃发育、养分消化率、盲肠微生物区系和垫料质量的影响。将 684 只 1 日龄雄性罗斯 308 小鸡随机分配到 6 个处理组，每组 6 个重复，每个重复饲养 19 只鸡。采用 2×3 因子设计处理，因子为：玉米粒度（粗：2982μm 或细：941μm 几何平均直径）和 3 个木质纤维素水平（0%、1%或 2%）。在第 10 天的饲料转化率（FCR）观察到显著的粒度×纤维相互作用（P＜0.05）。仅在添加 2%木质纤维素时，饲喂粗磨玉米（CGC）的鸡的 FCR 低于细磨玉米（FGC），而在添加 1%或不添加木质纤维素时则没有差异。第 10 天，饲喂 FGC 的鸡体重更重（P＜0.001）。相比之下，在第 24 天和第 35 天，饲喂 CGC 的鸡的 FCR 低于饲喂 FGC 的鸡（P＜0.05）。与饲喂 FGC 的鸡相比，饲喂 CGC 的鸡在第 24 天的回肠总能和蛋白质消化率更高（P＜0.05）。与饲喂 FGC 的鸡相比，饲喂 CGC 的鸡在第 24 天和第 35 天的肌胃相对重量更高（P＜0.05）。与添加 1%木质纤维素的鸡相比，添加 2%日粮木质纤维素的鸡盲肠梭菌属的数量减少（P＜0.05），在第 24 天。在第 35 天，与对照组相比，两种水平的木质纤维素都显著降低了（P＜0.05）垫料的水分含量。总之，饲喂含有 CGC 的颗粒饲料的鸡表现出更好的 FCR 和更高的养分消化率，这可能是由于肌胃更大所致。此外，日粮木质纤维素的添加有利于垫料质量。
