Xu Y, Stark C R, Ferket P R, Williams C M, Auttawong S, Brake J
Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608.
Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608
Poult Sci. 2015 Mar;94(3):353-61. doi: 10.3382/ps/peu016. Epub 2015 Feb 12.
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of the dietary inclusion of 2 coarsely ground corn (CC) levels (0 or 50%) in diets of broilers reared on 2 litter types (new wood shavings or used litter) on live performance, litter characteristics, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) development, apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of energy and nitrogen (N), and intestinal morphology. No interaction effects between CC level and litter type were observed on live performance. No litter effect was observed on live performance. Dietary inclusion of 50% CC increased BW at 35 d (P<0.01) and improved cumulative feed conversion ratio (FCR) at 35 and 49 d of age (P<0.01). The 50% CC treatment increased absolute and relative gizzard weight (P<0.01) and decreased jejunum unit weight (g/cm) (P<0.01). The new litter treatment (litter N) increased absolute and relative proventriculus weight (P<0.05) but did not affect gizzard weight. An interaction effect between CC level and litter type was observed for litter N, where the 50% CC treatment reduced litter N regardless of litter type (P<0.01), but litter N was reduced by new litter only among birds fed 0% CC (P<0.05). The 50% CC inclusion increased litter pH (P<0.05) and improved the AID of energy and N by 6.8% (P<0.01) and 3.5% (P<0.05), respectively. The 50% CC treatment increased jejunum villi tip width (P<0.05) and villi surface area (P<0.01), and decreased the muscularis layer thickness (P<0.01), whereas new litter increased jejunum villi and ileum villi height (P<0.05), jejunum villi surface area (P<0.01), and the ratio of jejunum villi height to crypt depth (P<0.01). This study showed that birds fed pelleted and screened diets containing 50% CC exhibited improved BW, FCR, and AID of energy and N, in conjunction with altered morphology of the GIT and intestinal mucosa. Litter type affected some GIT traits and functions but did not affect live performance.
本研究的目的是评估在以两种垫料类型（新木屑或旧垫料）饲养的肉鸡日粮中添加两种粗磨玉米（CC）水平（0%或50%）对生长性能、垫料特性、胃肠道（GIT）发育、能量和氮（N）的表观回肠消化率（AID）以及肠道形态的影响。未观察到CC水平和垫料类型之间对生长性能有交互作用。未观察到垫料类型对生长性能有影响。日粮中添加50%的CC可提高35日龄时的体重（P<0.01），并改善35和49日龄时的累积饲料转化率（FCR）（P<0.01）。50%CC处理增加了肌胃的绝对重量和相对重量（P<0.01），并降低了空肠单位重量（g/cm）（P<0.01）。新垫料处理（垫料N）增加了腺胃的绝对重量和相对重量（P<0.05），但对肌胃重量没有影响。观察到CC水平和垫料类型之间对垫料N有交互作用，即50%CC处理无论垫料类型如何都能降低垫料N（P<0.01），但仅在饲喂0%CC的鸡中，新垫料会降低垫料N（P<0.05）。添加50%的CC可提高垫料pH值（P<0.05），并分别提高能量和N的AID 6.8%（P<0.01）和3.5%（P<0.05）。50%CC处理增加了空肠绒毛顶端宽度（P<0.05）和绒毛表面积（P<0.01），并降低了肌层厚度（P<0.01），而新垫料增加了空肠绒毛和回肠绒毛高度（P<0.05）、空肠绒毛表面积（P<0.01）以及空肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比（P<0.01）。本研究表明，饲喂含有50%CC的颗粒筛选日粮的鸡，其体重、FCR以及能量和N的AID均有所改善，同时GIT和肠黏膜形态也发生了改变。垫料类型影响了一些GIT特征和功能，但对生长性能没有影响。
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