Caruana Maryanne, Apers Silke, Kovacs Adrienne H, Luyckx Koen, Thomet Corina, Budts Werner, Sluman Maayke, Eriksen Katrine, Dellborg Mikael, Berghammer Malin, Johansson Bengt, Soufi Alexandra, Callus Edward, Moons Philip, Grech Victor
Department of Cardiology, Mater Dei Hospital, Birkirkara Bypass, Msida, MSD 2090, Malta.
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Pediatr Cardiol. 2017 Jun;38(5):965-973. doi: 10.1007/s00246-017-1604-y. Epub 2017 Mar 24.
Studies in recent years have explored lifestyle habits and health-risk behaviours in adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) patients when compared to controls. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in lifestyle habits between Maltese and other European ACHD patients. Data on alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, substance misuse, dental care and physical activity collected in 2013-2015 during "Assessment of Patterns of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Adults with Congenital Heart disease-International Study" (APPROACH-IS) were analysed. Responses from 119 Maltese participants were compared to those of 1616 participants from Belgium, France, Italy, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and the Netherlands. Significantly fewer Maltese patients with simple (Maltese 84.1% vs. European 97.5%, p < 0.001) and moderately complex CHD (Maltese 83.6% vs. European 97.4%, p < 0.001) brushed their teeth daily. Only 67.2% of Maltese with moderately complex disease had dental reviews in the previous year compared to 80.3% of Europeans (p = 0.02). Maltese patients with simple (Maltese 31.8% vs. European 56.1%, p = 0.002) and moderately complex lesions (Maltese 30.0% vs. European 59.2%, p < 0.001) performed less regular sport activities. Comparison by country showed Maltese patients to have significantly poorer tooth brushing and sports participation than patients from any other participating country. Alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and substance misuse were not significantly different. This study highlights lifestyle aspects that Maltese ACHD patients need to improve on, which might not be evident upon comparing patients to non-CHD controls. These findings should also caution researchers against considering behaviours among patients in one country as necessarily representative of patients on the larger scale.
近年来的研究探讨了与对照组相比，成人先天性心脏病（ACHD）患者的生活方式习惯和健康风险行为。本研究的目的是调查马耳他ACHD患者与其他欧洲ACHD患者在生活方式习惯上的差异。分析了在2013年至2015年期间“先天性心脏病成人患者报告结局模式评估 - 国际研究”（APPROACH - IS）中收集的关于饮酒、吸烟、药物滥用、牙齿护理和体育活动的数据。将119名马耳他参与者的回答与来自比利时、法国、意大利、挪威、瑞典、瑞士和荷兰的1616名参与者的回答进行了比较。患有简单型（马耳他84.1%对欧洲97.5%，p < 0.001）和中度复杂型冠心病（马耳他83.6%对欧洲97.4%，p < 0.001）的马耳他患者每天刷牙的人数明显较少。患有中度复杂疾病的马耳他患者中，前一年进行牙齿检查的仅占67.2%，而欧洲人这一比例为80.3%（p = 0.02）。患有简单型（马耳他31.8%对欧洲56.1%，p = 0.002）和中度复杂型病变（马耳他30.0%对欧洲59.2%，p < 0.001）的马耳他患者进行的常规体育活动较少。按国家比较显示，马耳他患者的刷牙情况和体育活动参与度明显比其他任何参与国家的患者差。饮酒、吸烟和药物滥用方面没有显著差异。本研究突出了马耳他ACHD患者需要改进的生活方式方面，这在将患者与非冠心病对照组比较时可能并不明显。这些发现也应提醒研究人员，不要认为一个国家患者的行为必然能代表更大范围内的患者。
