Lampert T, Mensink G B M, Ziese T
Abt. Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Germany.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2005 Dec;48(12):1357-64. doi: 10.1007/s00103-005-1169-4.
Regularly participating in sports activities can have a positive effect on people's health and is therefore an important area of health promotion. Data of the Telephone Health Survey 2003 indicate that until now there is an unexploited potential for programmes promoting sports: in total 37.3% of men aged 18 years and above and 38.4% of equally aged women do not participate in sports at all; another 20.9% of men and 28.4% of women only engage in sports activities for up to 2 h/week. The highest prevalence of sports activity is seen among young adults, whereas it is lowest among older people. However, the latter slightly increased their sports activity during the last 10 years, while the trend observed among younger adults seems to point rather in the opposite direction. Also relevant for the planning and implementation of group-specific interventions is the observation that persons with low socioeconomic status tend to engage less often in sports than people with middle or high status do. The present study underlines the health relevance of sports participation by presenting inverse relationships between sports activity and behaviour-related health risks such as smoking and obesity as well as a positive effect of sports on self-assessed health.
经常参加体育活动对人们的健康有积极影响，因此是健康促进的一个重要领域。2003年电话健康调查的数据表明，到目前为止，促进体育活动的项目仍有未被开发的潜力：在18岁及以上的男性中，总计37.3%的人根本不参加体育活动；同年龄段女性的这一比例为38.4%；另有20.9%的男性和28.4%的女性每周仅进行最多2小时的体育活动。体育活动的患病率在年轻人中最高，而在老年人中最低。然而，在过去10年中，老年人的体育活动略有增加，而在年轻人中观察到的趋势似乎恰恰相反。对于针对特定群体的干预措施的规划和实施也具有相关性的一点是，社会经济地位低的人比中等或高社会经济地位的人参加体育活动的频率往往更低。本研究通过呈现体育活动与吸烟和肥胖等行为相关健康风险之间的反比关系以及体育活动对自我评估健康的积极影响，强调了体育参与与健康的相关性。
