Jiang Jian, Ouyang Guanghui, Zhang Li, Liu Minghua
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.
Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Zhongguancun North First Street 2, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.
Chemistry. 2017 Jul 18;23(40):9439-9450. doi: 10.1002/chem.201700727. Epub 2017 Jun 9.
The asymmetric reaction is one of the most important reactions in organic synthesis. While a large number of efficient molecular catalysts have been developed and applied, recently, supramolecular and nanostructured catalysts have been attracting interest. In this Minireview, we focus on self-assembled chiral nanostructures and review their possibility and feasibility as enantioselective catalysts. The design concept and the requirement of the chiral scaffold as the catalysts are discussed. Based on the chirality and catalytic performance of the building molecules and the supramolecular nanostructures, the nanocatalyst is divided into chiral nanostructure driven (CND) and chiral nanostructure enhanced (CNE) enantioselective catalysts. Then, several typical self-assembled chiral nanostructures such as nanocages, nanotubes, nanorods, micelles and vesicles are selected as the chiral scaffold and their catalytic behaviors for the asymmetric reactions were demonstrated. Finally, the future developments of the field are also discussed.
不对称反应是有机合成中最重要的反应之一。虽然已经开发并应用了大量高效的分子催化剂，但最近超分子和纳米结构催化剂引起了人们的关注。在这篇综述中，我们聚焦于自组装手性纳米结构，并综述它们作为对映选择性催化剂的可能性和可行性。讨论了作为催化剂的手性支架的设计概念和要求。基于构建分子和超分子纳米结构的手性和催化性能，将纳米催化剂分为手性纳米结构驱动（CND）和手性纳米结构增强（CNE）对映选择性催化剂。然后，选择了几种典型的自组装手性纳米结构，如纳米笼、纳米管、纳米棒、胶束和囊泡作为手性支架，并展示了它们在不对称反应中的催化行为。最后，还讨论了该领域的未来发展。
