Fast Danya, Shoveller Jean, Kerr Thomas
British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS,St. Paul's Hospital, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Canada.
British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS,St. Paul's Hospital, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Canada.
Int J Drug Policy. 2017 Jun;44:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.01.003. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
A large body of previous research has elucidated how involvement in drug dealing and crime among marginalized urban youth who use drugs is shaped by the imperatives of addiction and survival in the context of poverty. However, a growing body of research has examined how youth's involvement in these activities is shaped by more expansive desires and moralities. In this paper, we examine the material, moral, and affective worlds of loosely gang affiliated, street level dealing and crime among one group of young men in Vancouver, Canada. Drawing on longitudinal interviews with 44 young men from 2008 to 2016, and ethnographic fieldwork with a group of approximately 15 of those young men over the same time period, we argue that for these youth, dealing and crime were not solely about economic survival, or even the accrual of highly meaningful forms of "street capital" in the margins. Rather, as "regimes of living," dealing and crime also opened up new value systems, moral logics, and affects in relation to the tremendous risks, potential rewards, and crushing boredom of life in the margins. These activities were also understood as a way into deeply desired forms of social spatial belonging in the city, which had previously only been imagined. However, across time dealing and crime "embedded" young men in cycles of incarceration, destitution, addictions, and mental health crises that ultimately reinforced their exclusion-from legal employment, but also within the world of crime. The findings of this study underscore the importance of adopting a life course perspective in order to meaningfully address the harms associated with involvement in dealing and crime among youth in our setting.
大量先前的研究已经阐明,在贫困背景下,吸毒的边缘化城市青年参与毒品交易和犯罪是如何受到成瘾需求和生存需求影响的。然而,越来越多的研究探讨了青年参与这些活动是如何受到更广泛的欲望和道德观念影响的。在本文中,我们考察了加拿大温哥华一群年轻男性中与帮派松散关联的街头毒品交易和犯罪的物质、道德和情感世界。基于2008年至2016年对44名年轻男性的纵向访谈,以及同期对其中约15名年轻男性进行的民族志实地调查,我们认为,对于这些青年来说,毒品交易和犯罪不仅仅关乎经济生存,甚至也不仅仅是在边缘地带积累极具意义的“街头资本”。相反,作为“生活方式”,毒品交易和犯罪还开启了新的价值体系、道德逻辑,并带来了与边缘生活的巨大风险、潜在回报以及无尽无聊相关的情感体验。这些活动也被视为一种途径,能通向他们深深渴望但此前只能想象的城市社会空间归属感。然而,随着时间推移,毒品交易和犯罪使年轻男性陷入监禁、贫困、成瘾和心理健康危机的循环,最终强化了他们被排除在合法就业之外的状况,同时也将他们排除在犯罪世界之外。本研究的结果强调了采用生命历程视角的重要性,以便切实解决我们所处环境中与青年参与毒品交易和犯罪相关的危害。