Châtel Amélie, Mouneyrac Catherine
Université Catholique de l'Ouest, UBL, MMS EA 2160, 3 Place André Leroy, 49000 Angers, France.
Université Catholique de l'Ouest, UBL, MMS EA 2160, 3 Place André Leroy, 49000 Angers, France.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2017 Jun;196:61-70. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.03.014. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
Environmental risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is an emergent field since nanotechnology industry is rapidly growing due to the interesting physicochemical properties of nanomaterials. Metal-based nanomaterials are among the most rapidly commercialized materials and their toxicity towards aquatic animals has been investigated at different levels of the biological organization. The objective of this synthesis review is to give an overview of the signaling molecules that have a key role in metal-based NM mediated cytotoxicity in both marine and freshwater organisms. Since toxicity of metal-based NMs could be (partly) due to metal dissolution, this review only highlights studies that showed a specific nano-effect. From this bibliographic study, three mechanisms (detoxification, immunomodulation and genotoxicity) have been selected as they represent the major cell defense mechanisms and the most studied ones following ENM exposure. This better understanding of NM-mediated cytotoxicity may provide a sound basis for designing environmentally safer nanomaterials.
由于纳米技术产业因纳米材料有趣的物理化学性质而迅速发展，工程纳米材料（ENMs）的环境风险评估是一个新兴领域。金属基纳米材料是商业化速度最快的材料之一，并且已经在不同生物组织水平上研究了它们对水生动物的毒性。本综述的目的是概述在海洋和淡水生物中，在金属基纳米材料介导的细胞毒性中起关键作用的信号分子。由于金属基纳米材料的毒性可能（部分）归因于金属溶解，本综述仅重点介绍显示出特定纳米效应的研究。通过这项文献研究，选择了三种机制（解毒、免疫调节和遗传毒性），因为它们代表了主要的细胞防御机制，并且是ENM暴露后研究最多的机制。对纳米材料介导的细胞毒性的这种更好理解可能为设计对环境更安全的纳米材料提供坚实的基础。
