Soler-Hurtado M M, López-González P J, Machordom A
Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain; Biodiversidad y Ecología de Invertebrados Marinos, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales, Rumipamba 341 y Av. Shyris, Quito, Ecuador.
Biodiversidad y Ecología de Invertebrados Marinos, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2017 Jun;111:219-230. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.03.019. Epub 2017 Mar 24.
The description and delimitation of species in an evolutionary framework is essential for understanding patterns of biodiversity and distribution, and in the assessment of conservation strategies for natural resources. This study seeks to clarify the evolutionary history and genetic variation within and between closely related octocoral species that are fundamental to benthic marine ecosystems for harbouring a high diversity of associated fauna. For our study system, we focused on members of the Gorgoniidae family in the Eastern Pacific, particularly of the Ecuadorian littoral, a less studied marine ecosystem. According to our results, the diagnosis of the genus Pacifigorgia is here amended to include species previously considered in the genus Leptogorgia. The genera Leptogorgia and Eugorgia are included within a single clade, and neither are recovered as monophyletic. In this case, according to the priority rule of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), our proposal is to include the species considered in these two genera in Leptogorgia. In addition, we found evidence of interesting speciation patterns: morphological differentiation with no apparent genetic differentiation (in Pacifigorgia), and inconsistencies between mitochondrial and nuclear data that suggest a hybridisation phenomenon (in Leptogorgia). In the first case, recent radiation, ancient hybridisation, sympatric speciation, and in the second, reticulate evolution may have contributed to the evolutionary history of the studied taxa. Therefore, incongruences observed between morphological and molecular evidences in these octocorals, and in corals in general, may reveal the types of events/patterns that have influenced their evolution.
在进化框架内对物种进行描述和界定，对于理解生物多样性和分布模式，以及评估自然资源保护策略至关重要。本研究旨在阐明密切相关的八放珊瑚物种内部及之间的进化历史和遗传变异，这些物种对于底栖海洋生态系统至关重要，因为它们栖息着高度多样化的相关动物群。对于我们的研究系统，我们聚焦于东太平洋柳珊瑚科的成员，特别是厄瓜多尔沿海地区的柳珊瑚，这是一个研究较少的海洋生态系统。根据我们的研究结果，太平洋柳珊瑚属的诊断在此处进行了修订，以纳入先前被归入细柳珊瑚属的物种。细柳珊瑚属和真柳珊瑚属被包含在一个单一的分支中，且两者均未被恢复为单系类群。在这种情况下，根据《国际动物命名法规》（ICZN）的优先权规则，我们的提议是将这两个属中所包含的物种归入细柳珊瑚属。此外，我们发现了有趣的物种形成模式的证据：形态分化但无明显的遗传分化（在太平洋柳珊瑚属中），以及线粒体和核数据之间的不一致表明存在杂交现象（在细柳珊瑚属中）。在第一种情况下，近期辐射、古代杂交、同域物种形成，而在第二种情况下，网状进化可能对所研究类群的进化历史有所贡献。因此，在这些八放珊瑚以及一般珊瑚中观察到的形态和分子证据之间的不一致，可能揭示了影响其进化的事件/模式类型。
