Renard S B, de Jong P J, Pijnenborg G H M
Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychotic Disorders, GGZ Drenthe, Assen, The Netherlands.
Motiv Emot. 2017;41(2):265-272. doi: 10.1007/s11031-016-9595-1. Epub 2016 Nov 2.
This study examined whether approach-avoidance related behaviour elicited by facial affect is moderated by the presence of an observer-irrelevant trigger that may influence the observer's attributions of the actor's emotion. Participants were shown happy, disgusted, and neutral facial expressions. Half of these were presented with a plausible trigger of the expression (a drink). Approach-avoidance related behaviour was indexed explicitly through a questionnaire (measuring intentions) and implicitly through a manikin version of the affective Simon task (measuring automatic behavioural tendencies). In the absence of an observer-irrelevant trigger, participants expressed the intention to avoid disgusted and approach happy facial expressions. Participants also showed a stronger approach tendency towards happy than towards disgusted facial expressions. The presence of the observer-irrelevant trigger had a moderating effect, decreasing the intention to approach happy and to avoid disgusted expressions. The trigger had no moderating effect on the approach-avoidance tendencies. Thus the influence of an observer-irrelevant trigger appears to reflect more of a controlled than automatic process.
本研究考察了面部表情引发的趋近-回避相关行为是否会受到一个与观察者无关的触发因素的调节，该触发因素可能会影响观察者对行为者情绪的归因。向参与者展示了高兴、厌恶和中性的面部表情。其中一半表情配有一个合理的表情触发因素（一杯饮料）。趋近-回避相关行为通过一份问卷（测量意图）明确进行指标化，并通过情感西蒙任务的人体模型版本（测量自动行为倾向）进行隐式指标化。在没有与观察者无关的触发因素的情况下，参与者表示有避开厌恶表情并趋近高兴表情的意图。参与者对高兴面部表情的趋近倾向也比对厌恶面部表情的更强。与观察者无关的触发因素的存在具有调节作用，降低了趋近高兴表情和避开厌恶表情的意图。该触发因素对趋近-回避倾向没有调节作用。因此，与观察者无关的触发因素的影响似乎更多地反映了一个受控制的过程而非自动过程。
