Puchalski Krzysztof, Korzeniowska Elżbieta
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. J. Nofera / Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Krajowe Centrum Promocji Zdrowia w Miejscu Pracy / National Center for Workplace Health Promotion).
Med Pr. 2017 Mar 24;68(2):229-246. doi: 10.13075/mp.5893.00532. Epub 2016 Dec 22.
The workplace health promotion (WHP) activity of enterprises in Poland was examined. The findings referred to how many companies implemented non-obligatory actions for health and what actions were taken, what were the reasons and obstacles in the implementation, whether companies evaluated their activity, how they motivated staff to WHP, and whether the size and economic standing differentiated their activity.
Representative survey, consisted of computer assisted telephone interviews with delegates of the boards of 1000 companies employing > 50 employees, held in November-December 2015.
Every second company undertook voluntary actions for workers health. Most often they offered medical care, supported physical activity and took care about the work environment in a higher range than required by binding regulations. They promoted health to build company's good image, improve productivity and reduce costs. The tradition of WHP in the company, attitudes of employers and intention to boost the vitality of employees also played a role . Despite good financial standing of companies, the shortage of funds was the main barrier in the implementation of WHP activities. Other impediments, such as lack of sufficient state incentives, workload of the management staff, lack of knowledge about WHP benefits and lack of good pro-health services were observed as well. Few companies motivated employees to WHP and carried out its evaluation.
The development of WHP requires dissemination of its benefits among employers, human resources and safety personnel trainings in WHP management, implementation of the system of relief and prestigious awards for active companies, increase in the number and scope of research works on WHP conditions and effectiveness. Crucial herein is the role of the state in cooperation with other major WHP actors. Med Pr 2017;68(2):229-246.
对波兰企业的工作场所健康促进（WHP）活动进行了调查。调查结果涉及有多少公司实施了非强制性的健康行动、采取了哪些行动、实施过程中的原因和障碍是什么、公司是否对其活动进行了评估、如何激励员工参与WHP，以及公司规模和经济状况是否使其活动有所不同。
采用代表性调查，于2015年11月至12月对1000家雇佣50名以上员工的公司董事会代表进行了计算机辅助电话访谈。
每两家公司中就有一家为员工健康采取了自愿行动。最常见的是提供医疗保健、支持体育活动，并在比约束性法规要求更高的范围内关注工作环境。他们促进健康是为了树立公司的良好形象、提高生产力和降低成本。公司内部WHP的传统、雇主的态度以及提升员工活力的意愿也起到了作用。尽管公司财务状况良好，但资金短缺是实施WHP活动的主要障碍。还观察到其他障碍，如缺乏足够的国家激励措施、管理人员的工作量、对WHP益处的了解不足以及缺乏优质的健康促进服务。很少有公司激励员工参与WHP并对其进行评估。
WHP的发展需要在雇主中传播其益处、开展WHP管理方面的人力资源和安全人员培训、实施针对积极开展活动的公司的减免制度和有声望的奖励、增加关于WHP条件和效果的研究工作的数量和范围。在此，国家与其他主要WHP参与者合作的作用至关重要。《医学实践》2017年；68(2):229 - 246。
