Flood J F, Smith G E, Cherkin A
Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Medical Center, Sepulveda, CA 91343.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1988 Mar;29(3):635-9. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(88)90032-9.
Pharmacologic probes are useful for studying memory mechanisms. For eight drug treatments affecting a variety of transmitter systems [arecoline, piribedil, clonidine, fluoxetine, naloxone, ACTH (4-10)], we determined how long memory retention would remain improved with a dose sufficient to improve 3-hour retention. While all 6 treatments enhanced 3-hour retention test performance at p less than 0.05, only 5 treatments significantly enhanced retention 24 hour after training and none of the treatments significantly affected retention at 168 hours. A detailed analysis of the dose and retention interval interaction for arecoline indicated that at low doses retention decreased as the retention interval increased while higher doses improved retention up to 3 hours and only the highest dose tested enhanced retention at 3 and 24 hours. Drug doses that enhance short-term retention (3 hours) were not adequate to enhance long term retention (168 hours). The 6 drug treatments had no significant or systematic effect on activity or on acquisition. We conclude that short-term retention performance was better because of enhanced memory processing or recall and not because of performance effects per se.
药理学探针对于研究记忆机制很有用。对于影响多种递质系统的八种药物治疗（槟榔碱、吡贝地尔、可乐定、氟西汀、纳洛酮、促肾上腺皮质激素（4-10）），我们确定了在足以改善3小时记忆保持的剂量下，记忆保持改善的时长。虽然所有6种治疗在p小于0.05时均增强了3小时记忆保持测试表现，但只有5种治疗在训练后24小时显著增强了记忆保持，且没有一种治疗在168小时时显著影响记忆保持。对槟榔碱的剂量和记忆保持间隔相互作用的详细分析表明，低剂量时记忆保持随记忆保持间隔增加而降低，而较高剂量可改善长达3小时的记忆保持，且仅测试的最高剂量在3小时和24小时增强了记忆保持。增强短期记忆保持（3小时）的药物剂量不足以增强长期记忆保持（168小时）。这6种药物治疗对活动或习得没有显著或系统性影响。我们得出结论，短期记忆保持表现更好是因为记忆处理或回忆增强，而非本身的表现效应。
