Lundblad Linda C, Eskelin John J, Karlsson Tomas, Wallin B Gunnar, Elam Mikael
From the Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (L.C.L., M.E.); and Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (L.C.L., J.J.E., T.K., B.G.W., M.E.).
Hypertension. 2017 May;69(5):964-969. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09079. Epub 2017 Mar 27.
Microneurographic recordings of human muscle sympathetic nerve activity responses to sudden sensory stimuli (ie, arousal) have revealed 2 intraindividually reproducible response profiles in healthy young males that predict different neural and blood pressure responses to more sustained stress. Approximately 50% of subjects inhibit muscle sympathetic nerve activity during arousal, whereas the remaining 50% do not, and the latter group displays a markedly greater blood pressure increase in response to arousal, as well as during and after 3 minutes of mental arithmetic. Studying a group of monozygotic twins (10 pairs, 2 excluded from analysis), the aim of the present study was to evaluate the degree of genetic determination of these sympathetic response profiles. Muscle sympathetic burst incidence at rest was similar in twins, with a within-pair burst incidence ratio of 0.87±0.02 (SEM) compared with 0.73±0.07 found in unrelated pairs (=0.002), confirming a previous study from our laboratory. In contrast, the sympathetic responses to arousal showed large twin within-pair variance (arousal inhibition ratio 0.56±0.11), which did not significantly differ (=0.939) from the variance in pairs of unrelated subjects (0.46±0.11). The finding that human muscle sympathetic nerve responses to arousal are less determined by genotype than the resting level of corresponding sympathetic nerve activity suggests that the arousal response pattern is more prone to be altered by environmental factors. This raises the possibility that these intraindividually reproducible sympathetic neural response profiles can be modified in a positive direction from a cardiovascular risk perspective.
对人类肌肉交感神经活动对突然感觉刺激（即觉醒）的反应进行的微神经图记录显示，健康年轻男性中存在两种个体内可重复的反应模式，这些模式可预测对更持续压力的不同神经和血压反应。大约50%的受试者在觉醒期间抑制肌肉交感神经活动，而其余50%则不抑制，后一组在觉醒期间以及心算3分钟期间和之后血压升高明显更大。本研究旨在评估一组单卵双胞胎（10对，2对排除在分析之外）中这些交感反应模式的遗传决定程度。双胞胎静息时的肌肉交感神经爆发发生率相似，配对内爆发发生率比值为0.87±0.02（标准误），而无关配对中的比值为0.73±0.07（P=0.002），这证实了我们实验室之前的一项研究。相比之下，对觉醒的交感反应在双胞胎配对内差异很大（觉醒抑制率为0.56±0.11），与无关受试者配对中的差异（0.46±0.11）无显著差异（P=0.939）。人类肌肉交感神经对觉醒的反应比相应交感神经活动的静息水平受基因型的影响更小，这一发现表明觉醒反应模式更容易受到环境因素的改变。这增加了从心血管风险角度来看，这些个体内可重复的交感神经反应模式可以向积极方向改变的可能性。
