First case report of pulmonary nocardiosis caused by .

INTRODUCTION

species usually cause opportunistic infections, and the frequency of these infections is increasing owing to the growing population of immunocompromised hosts. However, species may sometimes cause an infection disease in immunocompetent hosts. infections are the least common and are very rare.

CASE PRESENTATION

Herein, we report the first case of a pulmonary infection with in a 61-year-old Japanese woman with a history of hyperlipidaemia and bronchiectasis and a 6-month history of non-productive hacking cough. A sample of bronchial lavage fluid obtained by bronchofiberscopy showed filamentous branching gram-positive rods and acid-fast filamentous branching rods, and a colony of suspected was cultured. Based on 16S rRNA, , and gene sequence analyses and biochemical and physiological properties, the strain was identified as The strain was resistant to the antimicrobial agents amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, clarithromycin, minocycline, gentamycin, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. The patient was treated with biapenem followed by intravenous amikacin and oral linezolid.

CONCLUSION

Despite its rarity, the species require attention owing to the existence of multidrug-resistant strains.