Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70, El.Venizelou Ave, 17671, Kallithea, Athens, Greece.
Cardiovascular Prevention and Research Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
Eur J Nutr. 2018 Apr;57(3):1147-1155. doi: 10.1007/s00394-017-1398-y. Epub 2017 Mar 27.
The aim of the present study was to report for the first time the prevalence of hypertension and its phenotypes in obese children and in children with central obesity in a large sample of Greek children.
A regionally representative sample of 2263 schoolchildren (50.3% boys) (9-13 years) having full data on blood pressure assessment, physical examination, anthropometric, and physical activity participated in a cross-sectional study in Greece.
Prevalence of stage 1 and 2 hypertension, of isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) and of combined systolic or diastolic hypertension, was significantly higher for obese children and children on the 3rd tertile of waist circumference in the total sample, as well as in each gender separately. ISH was the most prevalent phenotype reaching 24.3% in obese children and 17.5% in children on the highest tertile of waist circumference. Obese children and children on the highest tertile of waist circumference had 6.31 times and 3.94 times, respectively, higher likelihood to have abnormal systolic or diastolic blood pressure (SBP or DBP) than their normal-weight counterparts.
Prevalence of hypertension and especially ISH in obese children and in children with central obesity in Greece are among the highest reported in Europe. Future public health initiatives should aim to prevent or tackle several underlying factors related to childhood hypertension, focusing primarily on children with excess body weight.
本研究旨在首次报告肥胖儿童和中心性肥胖儿童中高血压及其表型的流行率，这在大量希腊儿童中进行。
在希腊的一项横断面研究中，对 2263 名（50.3%为男性）（9-13 岁）有完整血压评估、体格检查、人体测量和身体活动数据的学生进行了区域性代表性样本研究。
在总样本中，以及在每个性别中，肥胖儿童和腰围第 3 个三分位数的儿童的 1 期和 2 期高血压、单纯收缩期高血压（ISH）和收缩压或舒张压合并高血压的患病率明显更高。ISH 是最常见的表型，在肥胖儿童中达到 24.3%，在腰围最高三分位数的儿童中达到 17.5%。肥胖儿童和腰围最高三分位数的儿童发生异常收缩压或舒张压（SBP 或 DBP）的可能性分别是其正常体重儿童的 6.31 倍和 3.94 倍。
在希腊，肥胖儿童和中心性肥胖儿童中高血压的流行率，尤其是 ISH 的流行率，在欧洲属于最高之列。未来的公共卫生倡议应旨在预防或解决与儿童高血压相关的几个潜在因素，主要针对超重儿童。
