Kell Kenneth P, Cardel Michelle I, Bohan Brown Michelle M, Fernández José R
From the Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, and the Nutrition Obesity Research Center (KPK, MMBB, and JRF), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, and the Department of Pediatrics/Section of Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (MIC).
Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jul;100(1):46-52. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.076505. Epub 2014 Apr 9.
Hypertension and dyslipidemia have traditionally been associated with dietary sodium and fat intakes, respectively; however, they have recently been associated with the consumption of added sugars in adults and older adolescents, but there is no clear indication of how early in the life span this association manifests.
This study explored the cross-sectional association between added sugar (sugars not naturally occurring in foods) consumption in children, blood pressure (BP), and fasting blood lipids [triglycerides and total, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol].
BP, blood lipids, and dietary intakes were obtained in a multiethnic pediatric sample aged 7-12 y of 122 European American (EA), 106 African American (AA), 84 Hispanic American (HA), and 8 mixed-race children participating in the Admixture Mapping of Ethnic and Racial Insulin Complex Outcomes (AMERICO) study-a cross-sectional study conducted in the Birmingham, AL, metro area investigating the effects of racial-ethnic differences on metabolic and health outcomes. Multiple regression analyses were performed to evaluate the relations of added sugars and sodium intakes with BP and of added sugars and dietary fat intakes with blood lipids. Models were controlled for sex, race-ethnicity, socioeconomic status, Tanner pubertal status, percentage body fat, physical activity, and total energy intake.
Added sugars were positively associated with diastolic BP (P = 0.0462, β = 0.0206) and serum triglycerides (P = 0.0206, β = 0.1090). Sodium was not significantly associated with either measure of BP nor was dietary fat with blood lipids. HA children had higher triglycerides but lower added sugar consumption than did either the AA or EA children. The AA participants had higher BP and HDL but lower triglycerides than did either the EA or HA children.
These data suggest that increased consumption of added sugars may be associated with adverse cardiovascular health factors in children, specifically elevated diastolic BP and triglycerides. Identification of dietary factors influencing cardiovascular health during childhood could serve as a tool to reduce cardiovascular disease risk. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00726778.
传统上，高血压和血脂异常分别与膳食钠和脂肪摄入量有关；然而，最近它们与成年人和年龄较大的青少年添加糖的消费有关，但目前尚无明确迹象表明这种关联在生命早期是如何表现的。
本研究探讨了儿童添加糖（食物中天然不存在的糖）消费、血压（BP）和空腹血脂[甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇]之间的横断面关联。
在122名参加种族和民族胰岛素复合结局混合映射（AMERICO）研究的7至12岁多种族儿科样本中获取血压、血脂和膳食摄入量。这是一项在阿拉巴马州伯明翰市都会区进行的横断面研究，旨在调查种族差异对代谢和健康结局的影响。该样本包括122名欧裔美国人（EA）、106名非裔美国人（AA）、84名西班牙裔美国人（HA）和8名混血儿童。进行多元回归分析以评估添加糖和钠摄入量与血压的关系，以及添加糖和膳食脂肪摄入量与血脂的关系。模型对性别、种族、社会经济地位、坦纳青春期状态、体脂百分比、身体活动和总能量摄入进行了控制。
添加糖与舒张压（P = 0.0462，β = 0.0206）和血清甘油三酯（P = 0.0206，β = 0.1090）呈正相关。钠与任何一种血压测量指标均无显著关联，膳食脂肪与血脂也无显著关联。HA儿童的甘油三酯水平较高，但添加糖的消费量低于AA或EA儿童。AA参与者的血压和HDL水平较高，但甘油三酯水平低于EA或HA儿童。
这些数据表明，添加糖消费的增加可能与儿童不良心血管健康因素有关，特别是舒张压和甘油三酯升高。识别儿童期影响心血管健康的膳食因素可作为降低心血管疾病风险的一种手段。该试验已在clinicaltrials.gov上注册，注册号为NCT00726778。
