Department of Dermatology, Monash University, Eastern Health, Box Hill Victoria; Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Victoria, 3168 Melbourne, Australia.
Acta Derm Venereol. 2017 Aug 31;97(8):906-915. doi: 10.2340/00015555-2655.
Although wool is commonly believed to cause irritant (non-immune) and hypersensitivity (immune) cutaneous reactions, the evidence basis for this belief and its validity for modern garments have not been critically examined. Publications from the last 100 years, using MEDLINE and Google Scholar, were analysed for evidence that wool causes cutaneous reactions, both immune-mediated (atopic dermatitis exacerbation, contact urticaria, allergic contact dermatitis) and non-immune-mediated (irritant contact dermatitis, itch). Secondary aims of this paper were to examine evidence that lanolin and textile-processing additives (formaldehyde, chromium) cause cutaneous reactions in the context of modern wool-processing techniques. Current evidence does not suggest that wool-fibre is a cutaneous allergen. Furthermore, contact allergy from lanolin, chromium and formaldehyde is highly unlikely with modern wool garments. Cutaneous irritation from wool relates to high fibre diameters (≥ 30-32 µm). Superfine and ultrafine Merino wool do not activate sufficient c-fibres to cause itch, are well tolerated and may benefit eczema management.
虽然人们普遍认为羊毛会引起刺激性（非免疫性）和过敏反应（免疫性），但这种观点的证据基础及其对现代服装的有效性尚未经过严格审查。使用 MEDLINE 和 Google Scholar 分析了过去 100 年的出版物，以寻找羊毛引起皮肤反应的证据，包括免疫介导的（特应性皮炎恶化、接触性荨麻疹、过敏性接触性皮炎）和非免疫介导的（刺激性接触性皮炎、瘙痒）。本文的次要目的是检查羊毛加工技术中羊毛脂和纺织加工添加剂（甲醛、铬）引起皮肤反应的证据。目前的证据表明羊毛纤维不是皮肤过敏原。此外，现代羊毛服装不太可能对羊毛脂、铬和甲醛产生接触过敏。羊毛的皮肤刺激与高纤维直径（≥30-32µm）有关。超细美利奴羊毛不会激活足够的 C 纤维引起瘙痒，具有良好的耐受性，并可能有益于湿疹管理。
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