Roemer A, Staecker H, Sasse S, Lenarz T, Warnecke A
Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde OE 6500, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA.
HNO. 2017 Aug;65(Suppl 2):87-97. doi: 10.1007/s00106-016-0306-8.
Hearing loss is present in millions of people worldwide. Current treatment for patients with severe to profound hearing loss consists of cochlear implantation. Providing the cochlear nerve is intact, patients generally benefit greatly from this intervention, frequently achieving significant improvements in speech comprehension. There are, however, some cases where current technology does not provide patients with adequate benefit. Ongoing research in cell transplantation and gene therapy promises to lead to new developments that will improve the function of cochlear implants. Translation of these experimental approaches is presently at an early stage. This review focuses on the application of biological therapies in severe hearing loss and discusses some of the barriers to translating basic scientific research into clinical reality. We emphasize the application of these novel therapies to cochlear implantation.
全球数以百万计的人存在听力损失问题。目前，针对重度至极重度听力损失患者的治疗方法是人工耳蜗植入。若听神经完好无损，患者通常能从这种干预措施中受益匪浅，常常在言语理解方面取得显著改善。然而，在某些情况下，当前技术无法为患者带来足够的益处。细胞移植和基因治疗方面正在进行的研究有望带来新的进展，从而改善人工耳蜗的功能。目前，这些实验方法的转化尚处于早期阶段。本综述重点关注生物疗法在重度听力损失中的应用，并讨论将基础科学研究转化为临床实际应用所面临的一些障碍。我们着重介绍这些新型疗法在人工耳蜗植入中的应用。
