Ribeiro L P, Zanardi O Z, Gonçalves G L P, Ansante T F, Yamamoto P T, Vendramim J D
EPAGRI/CEPAF, Av. Servidão Ferdinando Tusset S/N, São Cristóvão, CEP 89801-970, Chapecó, SC, Brasil.
Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, Univ of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil.
Neotrop Entomol. 2018 Feb;47(1):145-151. doi: 10.1007/s13744-017-0510-6. Epub 2017 Mar 28.
The effects of a bioinsecticide formulation based on extract of Annona squamosa L. (Annonaceae) containing 10,000 mg L of acetogenin annonin as the main active ingredient were investigated against three primary pest species of stored grains in Brazil [maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Mexican bean weevil Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae), and cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae)] by means of residual contact bioassays. In a concentration-dependent manner, the annonin-based commercial bioinsecticide caused significant adult mortality of C. maculatus (LC = 6890 μL kg), S. zeamais (LC = 2781 μL kg), and Z. subfasciatus (LC = 2120 μL kg) after 120 h of residual contact exposure. In addition to acute toxicity, the tested bioinsecticide also promoted a significant reduction of the number of eggs laid by females of C. maculatus (EC = 5949.7 μL kg) and Z. subfasciatus (EC = 552.7 μL kg). Moreover, the bioinsecticide significantly reduced the number of emerged insects (F generation) of C. maculatus (EC = 2763.0 μL kg), S. zeamais (EC = 1380.8 μL kg), and Z. subfasciatus (EC = 561.5 μL kg). The bioinsecticide also reduced the percentage of damaged grains for the three pest species studied, and its grain-protectant properties are comparable to or superior in efficacy in relation to a diatomaceous earth-based insecticide (Insecto® at 1000 mg kg) used as a positive control. Thus, this standardized formulation has promising bioactivity against stored insect species and can be a useful component for IPM of stored grains in Brazil and elsewhere.
研究了一种以番荔枝（番荔枝科）提取物为基础的生物杀虫剂制剂的效果，该制剂含有10000毫克/升的乙酰原番荔枝素作为主要活性成分，通过残留接触生物测定法对巴西三种主要的储粮害虫进行了测试[玉米象Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky（鞘翅目：象甲科）、墨西哥豆象Zabrotes subfasciatus（Boheman）（鞘翅目：叶甲科：豆象亚科）和豇豆象Callosobruchus maculatus（Fabricius）（鞘翅目：叶甲科：豆象亚科）]。基于番荔枝素的商业生物杀虫剂以浓度依赖的方式，在残留接触暴露120小时后，导致黄斑豆象（LC₅₀ = 6890微升/千克）、玉米象（LC₅₀ = 2781微升/千克）和墨西哥豆象（LC₅₀ = 2120微升/千克）的成虫显著死亡。除了急性毒性外，测试的生物杀虫剂还显著减少了黄斑豆象（EC₅₀ = 5949.7微升/千克）和墨西哥豆象（EC₅₀ = 552.7微升/千克）雌虫的产卵数量。此外，该生物杀虫剂显著减少了黄斑豆象（EC₅₀ = 2763.0微升/千克）、玉米象（EC₅₀ = 1380.8微升/千克）和墨西哥豆象（EC₅₀ = 561.5微升/千克）羽化的昆虫数量（F代）。该生物杀虫剂还降低了所研究的三种害虫对谷物的损害百分比，其谷物保护性能与用作阳性对照的硅藻土基杀虫剂（1000毫克/千克的Insecto®）相比，在功效上相当或更优。因此，这种标准化制剂对储粮害虫具有良好的生物活性，可成为巴西和其他地区储粮综合虫害管理的有用成分。
