Leśniak Kirsty, Williams Jane, Kuznik Kerry, Douglas Peter
Centre for Performance in Equestrian Sport, Hartpury College, Gloucester GL19 3BE, UK.
PE Douglas DWP, Ivybridge, Devon PL21 0NP, UK.
Animals (Basel). 2017 Mar 29;7(4):29. doi: 10.3390/ani7040029.
Variation in equine hoof conformation between farriery interventions lacks research, despite associations with distal limb injuries. This study aimed to determine linear and angular hoof variations pre- and post-farriery within a four to six week shoeing/trimming interval. Seventeen hoof and distal limb measurements were drawn from lateral and anterior digital photographs from 26 horses pre- and post-farriery. Most lateral view variables changed significantly. Reductions of the dorsal wall, and weight bearing and coronary band lengths resulted in an increased vertical orientation of the hoof. The increased dorsal hoof wall angle, heel angle, and heel height illustrated this further, improving dorsopalmar alignment. Mediolateral measurements of coronary band and weight bearing lengths reduced, whilst medial and lateral wall lengths from the 2D images increased, indicating an increased vertical hoof alignment. Additionally, dorsopalmar balance improved. However, the results demonstrated that a four to six week interval is sufficient for a palmer shift in the centre of pressure, increasing the loading on acutely inclined heels, altering DIP angulation, and increasing the load on susceptible structures (e.g., DDFT). Mediolateral variable asymmetries suit the lateral hoof landing and unrollment pattern of the foot during landing. The results support regular (four to six week) farriery intervals for the optimal prevention of excess loading of palmar limb structures, reducing long-term injury risks through cumulative, excessive loading.
尽管马蹄形态与远端肢体损伤有关，但关于蹄铁匠干预之间马蹄形态的变化缺乏研究。本研究旨在确定在四到六周的钉蹄/修剪间隔内，蹄铁匠干预前后马蹄的线性和角度变化。从26匹马的蹄和远端肢体的外侧和前侧数码照片中获取了17项测量数据，分别在蹄铁匠干预前后进行。大多数外侧视图变量有显著变化。背壁、负重和冠状带长度的减少导致马蹄垂直方向增加。背蹄壁角、蹄跟角和蹄跟高度的增加进一步说明了这一点，改善了背掌侧对齐。冠状带和负重长度的内外侧测量值减少，而二维图像中内侧和外侧壁长度增加，表明马蹄垂直对齐增加。此外，背掌侧平衡得到改善。然而，结果表明，四到六周的间隔足以使压力中心向掌侧移动，增加急性倾斜蹄跟的负荷，改变远侧指间关节角度，并增加易感结构（如趾深屈肌腱）的负荷。内外侧变量不对称适合马蹄在着地时的外侧着地和展开模式。这些结果支持定期（四到六周）进行蹄铁匠干预，以最佳地预防掌侧肢体结构的过度负荷，通过累积的、过度的负荷降低长期受伤风险。
