Leschied Jessica R, Udager Kara Gaetke
Section of Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Division of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2017 Apr;21(2):137-146. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1599205. Epub 2017 Mar 29.
The knee joint is commonly injured in the young athlete. This article discusses the common injury patterns around the knee that are unique to this patient population. Pediatric patients have relative weak points at their physes and apophyses that result in different forces on ligaments and bones during injury compared with adults. Common pathologic findings seen on imaging include patellar and patellar tendon injury, physeal fractures, osteochondral abnormality, ligament tears, and meniscal injury. Imaging studies are also performed to evaluate pediatric patients after surgical knee injury repair, and radiologists should be familiar with certain pediatric-specific knee repair techniques and their imaging appearances. A thorough knowledge of normal and pathologic imaging findings of the pediatric knee allows the radiologist to make important diagnostic and management contributions.
膝关节在年轻运动员中很常见。本文讨论了该患者群体特有的膝关节周围常见损伤模式。与成年人相比，儿科患者在其生长板和骨突处有相对薄弱点，这导致在受伤时韧带和骨骼受到不同的力。影像学上常见的病理表现包括髌股和髌腱损伤、骨骺骨折、骨软骨异常、韧带撕裂和半月板损伤。影像学检查也用于评估小儿膝关节损伤手术后的情况，放射科医生应熟悉某些儿科特有的膝关节修复技术及其影像学表现。对小儿膝关节正常和病理影像学表现的全面了解使放射科医生能够做出重要的诊断和管理贡献。
