Liu X C, Luo D, Liu G L, Zhang J Y, Zhang H D, Cheng S Q
School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2017 Feb 20;35(2):134-136. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.02.013.
To investigate the incidence of occupational diseases in Chongqing, China, from 2006 to 2014, and to analyze the harm, features, and trend of occupational diseases in Chongqing. The data of new cases of occupational diseases from 2006 to 2014 were collected, and the patients with a confirmed diagnosis of occupational diseases were selected as study subjects to analyze the incidence of occupational diseases in Chongqing. There were 17499 cases of occupational diseases in total in Chongqing from 2006 to 2014. Among these patients, 17124 (97.86%) were male, most of whom (95.40%) had occupational pneumoconiosis, and 375 (2.14%) were female, most of whom (72.80%) had occupational chemical poisoning. There were 16400 cases (93.72%) of occupational pneumoconiosis in total, mainly coal workers' pneumoconiosis (55.87%) and silicosis (43.02%) , and the main industries involved were coal mining and washing, railway transport equipment manufacturing, and mining and washing of bituminous coal and anthracite. There were 724 cases of occupational poisoning in total; there were 281 cases of acute occupational poisoning, mainly gas poisoning (39.86%) and carbon monoxide poisoning (33.10%) ; there were 443 cases of chronic occupational poisoning, mainly poisoning caused by benzene (47.63%) , mercury and its inorganic compounds (32.74%) , and lead and its inorganic compounds (9.03%) . Occupational diseases in Chongqing are mainly occupational pneumoconiosis, and occupational health supervision should be enhanced in the industries of coal mining and washing and railway transport equipment manufacturing to protect workers' health.
调查2006年至2014年中国重庆职业病的发病情况，并分析重庆职业病的危害、特征及发病趋势。收集2006年至2014年职业病新发病例数据，选取确诊为职业病的患者作为研究对象，分析重庆职业病的发病情况。2006年至2014年重庆共有职业病病例17499例。其中男性17124例（97.86%），多数（95.40%）患职业性尘肺病；女性375例（2.14%），多数（72.80%）患职业性化学中毒。职业性尘肺病共16400例（93.72%），主要为煤工尘肺（55.87%）和矽肺（43.02%），涉及的主要行业为煤炭开采和洗选业、铁路运输设备制造业以及烟煤和无烟煤开采和洗选业。职业中毒共724例；急性职业中毒281例，主要为气体中毒（39.86%）和一氧化碳中毒（33.10%）；慢性职业中毒443例，主要为苯中毒（47.63%）、汞及其无机化合物中毒（32.74%）和铅及其无机化合物中毒（9.03%）。重庆职业病以职业性尘肺病为主，应加强煤炭开采和洗选业、铁路运输设备制造业等行业的职业卫生监督，以保护劳动者健康。
