Taschler Miriam, West Keon
Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, New Cross Road, New Cross, London, SE14 6NW UK.
Sex Roles. 2017;76(7):473-484. doi: 10.1007/s11199-016-0679-x. Epub 2016 Sep 30.
Intergroup contact-(positive) interactions with people from different social groups-is a widely researched and strongly supported prejudice-reducing mechanism shown to reduce prejudice against a wide variety of outgroups. However, no known previous research has investigated whether intergroup contact can also reduce sexism against women. Sexism has an array of negative outcomes. One of the most detrimental and violent ones is rape, which is both justified and downplayed by rape myth acceptance. We hypothesised that more frequent, higher quality contact with counter-stereotypical women would predict lower levels of sexism and thus less rape myth acceptance (in men) and less sexualised projected responses to rape (in women). Two studies using online surveys with community samples supported these hypotheses. In Study 1, 170 male participants who experienced more positive contact with counter-stereotypical women reported less intention to rape. Similarly, in Study 2, 280 female participants who experienced more positive contact with counter-stereotypical women reported less projected sexual arousal at the thought of being raped. Thus, the present research is the first known to show that contact could be a potential tool to combat sexism, rape myth acceptance, intentions to rape in men, and sexualisation of rape by women.
群体间接触——与来自不同社会群体的人的(积极)互动——是一种经过广泛研究且得到有力支持的减少偏见的机制,已被证明能减少对各种外群体的偏见。然而,之前尚无已知研究调查过群体间接触是否也能减少对女性的性别歧视。性别歧视会产生一系列负面后果。其中最具危害性和暴力性的后果之一是强奸,而强奸谬见的认同既为强奸行为提供了正当理由,又淡化了其严重性。我们假设,与打破刻板印象的女性进行更频繁、更高质量的接触,将预示着更低程度的性别歧视,从而减少(男性中的)强奸谬见认同以及(女性中)对强奸的性化投射反应。两项针对社区样本的在线调查研究支持了这些假设。在研究一中,170名与打破刻板印象的女性有更多积极接触的男性参与者表示强奸意图更低。同样,在研究二中,280名与打破刻板印象的女性有更多积极接触的女性参与者表示,想到被强奸时所投射出的性唤起更少。因此,本研究是已知的首个表明接触可能是对抗性别歧视、强奸谬见认同、男性强奸意图以及女性对强奸的性化的潜在工具的研究。