Aquinas College, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
Psychol Rep. 2020 Jun;123(3):929-951. doi: 10.1177/0033294119826896. Epub 2019 Feb 26.
This study explores the influence of education and religiosity on sexist attitudes towards women and rape myth acceptance in two samples totaling 399 participants from the United States and Italy. Both samples completed a demographic questionnaire that assessed age, area of residence, and racial and gender identification. Three questions about religiosity and three about education were included, as well as the Attitudes Towards Women Survey and the Acceptance of Modern Myths about Sexual Aggression. In the Italian pool, 44 held at least a bachelor's degree, 108 had completed some college, and 29 completed high school at most, while the United States pool consisted of 83, 123, and 12, respectively. Average self-reported levels of religiousness were M = 3.87 (SD = 3.05) in Italy and M = 5.10 (SD = 2.76) in the United States. In both samples, religiosity was a strong predictor of both sexism and rape myth acceptance, while education was only related to rape myth acceptance and with less strength than religiosity. Moreover, country of residence was an important influence for sexist beliefs along with both religiosity and education; however, for rape myth acceptance, country did not have a significant impact.
本研究探讨了教育和宗教信仰对来自美国和意大利的 399 名参与者的性别歧视态度和强奸神话接受度的影响。两个样本都完成了一份人口统计问卷，评估了年龄、居住地区以及种族和性别认同。问卷中包含了三个关于宗教信仰的问题和三个关于教育的问题，以及性别态度调查和对性侵犯现代神话的接受程度调查。在意大利样本中，有 44 人至少拥有学士学位，108 人完成了一些大学学业，29 人最高完成了高中学业，而美国样本中则分别有 83 人、123 人和 12 人。意大利样本的平均宗教信仰自评水平为 M=3.87（SD=3.05），美国样本的平均宗教信仰自评水平为 M=5.10（SD=2.76）。在两个样本中，宗教信仰都是性别歧视和强奸神话接受度的强有力预测因素，而教育仅与强奸神话接受度相关，其相关性比宗教信仰弱。此外，居住地与宗教信仰和教育一样，对性别歧视观念有重要影响；然而，对于强奸神话接受度来说，国家并没有显著影响。
