Çalıkoglu Elif Okşan, Aras Aysun, Hamza Maysa, Aydin Ayşegül, Nacakgedigi Onur, Koga Patrick Marius
a School of Medicine, Department of Public Health , Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey.
b Davis, School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences , University of California , Davis , CA , USA.
Glob Health Action. 2018;11(1):1524541. doi: 10.1080/16549716.2018.1524541.
In Turkey, almost every 4 out of 10 married women have been subjected to physical abuse by their spouses. Although studies on the prevalence of domestic violence in Turkey abound, little has been published about first responders' attitudes and behaviors towards violence against women and on sexism.
Our study examined the attitudes and behaviors of Erzurum City medical emergency services workers towards violence against women, and their relationship with sexist attitudes.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 370 medical emergency service personnel using a self-administered questionnaire of 35 items, which included two scales utilizing a three-point Likert format; 15 questions measured attitudes and behaviors towards violence against women (VAW) and 12 items measured sexist attitudes.
The mean age of participants was 29.6 ± 8.0 years with a sex distribution of (47.6%) women and 194 (52.4%) men. Less than half of the participants (48.5%; n = 173) felt competent in recognizing and managing VAW; moreover, when faced with such cases, 18.5% (n = 67) said they would try to reconcile the victim with the perpetrator. Male participants had higher mean scores both on VAW (20.7 ± 5.2 vs. 16.9 ± 2.8; t = 7.927; p < 0.001) and on sexist attitudes (24.3 ± 5.3 vs. 18.6 ± 4.3; t = 1.714; p < 0.001). Age (B = 0.067; 95% CI: 0.014-0.119; p = 0.013) and sexism scores (B = 0.487; 95% CI: 0.407-0.566; p < 0.001) were revealed as independent significant predictors of the VAW attitude scores.
Educational and public health measures must be instituted to change attitudes and behaviors towards violence against women; measures must focus not only on violence but also on sexism. Health care professionals need to reflect on their own gender biases in clinical practice and prevent gender discrimination.
在土耳其，每10名已婚女性中几乎就有4人遭受过配偶的身体虐待。尽管关于土耳其家庭暴力患病率的研究很多，但关于急救人员对暴力侵害妇女行为的态度和行为以及性别歧视的报道却很少。
我们的研究调查了埃尔祖鲁姆市医疗急救服务人员对暴力侵害妇女行为的态度和行为，以及他们与性别歧视态度的关系。
采用一份包含35个条目的自填式问卷，对370名医疗急救服务人员进行横断面调查，问卷包括两个采用三点李克特量表形式的量表；15个问题测量对暴力侵害妇女行为（VAW）的态度和行为，12个条目测量性别歧视态度。
参与者的平均年龄为29.6±8.0岁，性别分布为女性176人（47.6%），男性194人（52.4%）。不到一半的参与者（48.5%；n = 173）认为自己有能力识别和处理暴力侵害妇女行为；此外，当面对此类案件时，18.5%（n = 67）的人表示他们会试图让受害者与施暴者和解。男性参与者在暴力侵害妇女行为量表（20.7±5.2对16.9±2.8；t = 7.927；p < 0.001）和性别歧视态度量表上的平均得分更高（24.3±5.3对18.6±4.3；t = 1.714；p < 0.001）。年龄（B = 0.067；95%置信区间：0.014 - 0.119；p = 0.013）和性别歧视得分（B = 0.487；95%置信区间：0.407 - 0.566；p < 0.001）被揭示为暴力侵害妇女行为态度得分的独立显著预测因素。
必须采取教育和公共卫生措施来改变对暴力侵害妇女行为的态度和行为；措施不仅要关注暴力，还要关注性别歧视。医疗保健专业人员需要反思自己在临床实践中的性别偏见，防止性别歧视。
