Malli Melina Aikaterini, Forrester-Jones Rachel
Tizard Centre, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NF UK.
J Dev Phys Disabil. 2017;29(2):279-305. doi: 10.1007/s10882-016-9524-y. Epub 2016 Nov 18.
Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a highly stigmatised condition, and typically developing adolescents' motives and reasons for excluding individuals with TS have not been examined. The aim of the study was to understand how TS is conceptualised by adolescents and explore how individuals with TS are perceived by their typically developing peers. Free text writing and focus groups were used to elicit the views of twenty-two year ten students from a secondary school in South East England. Grounded theory was used to develop an analytical framework. Participants' understanding about the condition was construed from misconceptions, unfamiliarity and unanswered questions. Adolescents who conceived TS as a condition beyond the individual's control perceived their peers as being deprived of agency and strength and as straying from the boundaries of normalcy. People with TS were viewed as individuals deserving pity, and in need of support. Although participants maintained they had feelings of social politeness towards those with TS, they would avoid initiating meaningful social relationships with them due to fear of 'social contamination'. Intergroup anxiety would also inhibit a close degree of social contact. Participants that viewed those with TS as responsible for their condition expressed a plenary desire for social distance. However, these behavioural intentions were not limited to adolescents that elicited inferences of responsibility to people with TS, indicating that attributional models of stigmatisation may be of secondary importance in the case of TS. Implications for interventions to improve school belonging among youth with TS are discussed.
抽动秽语综合征（TS）是一种备受污名化的疾病，而关于青少年排斥抽动秽语综合征患者的动机和原因尚未得到研究。本研究的目的是了解青少年如何看待抽动秽语综合征，并探讨发育正常的同龄人如何看待抽动秽语综合征患者。通过自由文本写作和焦点小组来收集来自英格兰东南部一所中学的22名十年级学生的观点。运用扎根理论来构建一个分析框架。参与者对该疾病的理解是从误解、不熟悉和未解答的问题中构建出来的。将抽动秽语综合征视为超出个人控制范围的青少年认为他们的同龄人被剥夺了自主性和力量，偏离了正常的界限。抽动秽语综合征患者被视为值得同情且需要支持的个体。尽管参与者坚称他们对抽动秽语综合征患者有社交礼貌的感觉，但由于害怕“社会污染”，他们会避免与他们建立有意义的社交关系。群体间焦虑也会抑制密切的社会接触。那些认为抽动秽语综合征患者应对自己的病情负责的参与者表达了对社交距离的完全渴望。然而，这些行为意图并不局限于那些对抽动秽语综合征患者产生责任推断的青少年，这表明在抽动秽语综合征的情况下，污名化的归因模型可能是次要的。文中讨论了改善抽动秽语综合征青少年学校归属感干预措施的意义。
