Aleknaitė Aistė, Andrijauskaitė Monika, Latauskienė Justė, Andrejevaitė Viktorija
Vilniaus universiteto Medicinos fakultetas.
Vilniaus universiteto Medicinos fakulteto Vidaus ligų, šeimos medicinos ir onkologijos klinika.
Acta Med Litu. 2016;23(1):43-53. doi: 10.6001/actamedica.v23i1.3269.
The use of e-cigarettes in adults and adolescents has increased since 2010. Most e-cigarette users are cigarette smokers. A majority of e-cigarette users perceive them to be a tool to quit or reduce smoking. E-cigarette devices consist of a cartridge containing a liquid, an atomizer (vaporization chamber with a heating element), and a battery. The user activates the atomizer, which heats the liquid and produces a vapour to inhale. Across all brands, the main components in e-cigarette liquids are propylene glycol or glycerol, in addition, nicotine and/or flavourings can be added. A variety of other compounds have also been identified. Long-term health consequences of e-cigarette use are unknown but are likely to be less than continuing to smoke conventional cigarettes. The toxicity of chronic exposure to these and other components of e-cigarettes is uncertain. The safety and efficacy of e-cigarette use for smoking cessation is unknown. Clinicians should encourage smokers seeking to quit smoking to use US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved smoking cessation aids as a first choice and make sure that newer approved strategies for smoking cessation pharmacotherapy are offered. If a smoker is not willing to use these evidence-based approaches and asks about using e-cigarettes, the clinician should not discourage e-cigarette use as long as the smoker is informed about the uncertainties of the device safety and efficacy. Public health concerns regarding e-cigarettes include their potential to increase youth initiation of tobacco products and to re-normalize tobacco use in places where cigarette smoking is not acceptable. The health effects of second-hand vapour exposure are unknown. Regulation for e-cigarettes varies worldwide and is changing. electronic cigarettes, smoking, vapour.
自2010年以来，成人和青少年使用电子烟的情况有所增加。大多数电子烟使用者也是吸烟者。大多数电子烟使用者认为它们是戒烟或减少吸烟的工具。电子烟装置由一个装有液体的烟弹、一个雾化器（带有加热元件的汽化室）和一个电池组成。使用者激活雾化器，雾化器加热液体并产生可供吸入的蒸汽。在所有品牌中，电子烟液中的主要成分是丙二醇或甘油，此外还可添加尼古丁和/或调味剂。还发现了多种其他化合物。使用电子烟对健康的长期影响尚不清楚，但可能小于继续吸食传统香烟。长期接触这些以及电子烟的其他成分的毒性尚不确定。使用电子烟戒烟的安全性和有效性未知。临床医生应鼓励寻求戒烟的吸烟者首选使用美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的戒烟辅助工具，并确保提供更新的经批准的戒烟药物治疗策略。如果吸烟者不愿意使用这些循证方法并询问使用电子烟的情况，只要告知吸烟者该装置安全性和有效性的不确定性，临床医生不应劝阻其使用电子烟。关于电子烟的公共卫生问题包括它们可能会增加年轻人开始使用烟草产品的几率，以及在不允许吸烟的场所使烟草使用重新变得正常化。二手蒸汽暴露对健康的影响尚不清楚。全球对电子烟的监管各不相同且在不断变化。电子烟、吸烟、蒸汽。
