Tia E, Chouaibou M, Gbalégba C N G, Boby A M O, Koné M, Kadjo A K
Centre d'entomologie médicale et vétérinaire (CEMV), université Alassane Ouattara, 27 BP 529, Abidjan 27, Côte d'Ivoire.
Centre suisse de recherches scientifiques (CSRS) en Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 1303, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2017 May;110(2):130-134. doi: 10.1007/s13149-017-0554-1. Epub 2017 Mar 29.
The resistance of Anopheles gambiae s.l. to insecticides constitutes a concern for the programs of malaria control because it can be an obstacle to effective control of the vectors. The follow-up of this resistance is a priority to work out strategies of management and to preserve the means of that major malaria vector control activities. The general objective of this study is to identify the species within An. gambiae s.l., and to determine the frequency of the Kdr gene in An. gambiae s.s. and An. coluzzii in five agricultural sites in Ivory Coast: an urban site, two semirural sites (coffee-trees/cacao-trees, orchard) and two rural sites (rice site and a traditional village without agricultural insecticide). During this study, 2285 specimens of An. gambiae s.l. were analyzed for this purpose. An. gambiae s.s. (in the past called molecular form S) and An. coluzzii (in the past called molecular form M) were the only species of the complex An. gambiae identified in all the sites. The frequency of the Kdr mutation varied from 0.37 in the site without agricultural insecticide to 0.95 in the urban site where there is an intense use of insecticides. Three areas of these species distribution were observed: an area where the species An. gambiae s.s. is dominant (sites located in savanna), an area with predominance of An. coluzzii (in the southern forested area) and an intermediate area where the two species were in a same proportion (pre-forested site).The Kdr mutation was identified in the two species in all the sites in savanna and forest, except in the site without agricultural insecticide where only An. gambiae was resistant. It shows the increase of the receptive potential of An. gambiae s.l. with respect to the Kdr gene and the extension of the resistance to insecticide of this species in Ivory Coast.
冈比亚按蚊复合种对杀虫剂产生抗性，这给疟疾控制项目带来了担忧，因为它可能成为有效控制病媒的障碍。对这种抗性进行跟踪是制定管理策略以及维护主要疟疾病媒控制活动手段的优先事项。本研究的总体目标是识别冈比亚按蚊复合种中的物种，并确定科特迪瓦五个农业地区（一个城市地区、两个半农村地区（咖啡树/可可树种植园、果园）和两个农村地区（稻田和一个没有使用农业杀虫剂的传统村庄））中冈比亚按蚊指名亚种和科氏按蚊中Kdr基因的频率。在本研究期间，为此目的分析了2285份冈比亚按蚊复合种标本。冈比亚按蚊指名亚种（过去称为分子型S）和科氏按蚊（过去称为分子型M）是在所有地区鉴定出的冈比亚按蚊复合种中仅有的物种。Kdr突变的频率从没有使用农业杀虫剂的地区的0.37变化到杀虫剂使用频繁的城市地区的0.95。观察到这些物种分布的三个区域：一个以冈比亚按蚊指名亚种为主的区域（位于稀树草原的地区）、一个以科氏按蚊为主的区域（南部森林地区）以及一个两个物种比例相同的中间区域（森林前区域）。在稀树草原和森林地区的所有地点的这两个物种中都鉴定出了Kdr突变，但在没有使用农业杀虫剂的地区只有冈比亚按蚊具有抗性。这表明冈比亚按蚊复合种对Kdr基因的易感性增加，以及该物种在科特迪瓦对杀虫剂的抗性范围扩大。
