Malaria Research and Training Center, International Center for Excellence in Research, Faculty of Medicine and Odonto Stomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali.
The AgroEcohealth Platform, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA-Benin), Cotonou, Benin.
J Infect Dis. 2021 Apr 27;223(12 Suppl 2):S81-S90. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa190.
Insecticide-based vector control is responsible for reducing malaria mortality and morbidity. Its success depends on a better knowledge of the vector, its distribution, and resistance status to the insecticides used. In this paper, we assessed Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (A gambiae s.l.) population resistance to pyrethroids in different ecological settings.
The World Health Organization standard bioassay test was used to assess F0A gambiae s.l. susceptibility to pyrethroids. Biochemical Synergist assays were conducted with piperonyl butoxide (PBO), S,S,S-tributyl phosphotritioate, and diethyl maleate. L1014F, L1014S, and N1575Y knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations were investigated using TaqMan genotyping.
Anopheles gambiae sensu lato was composed of Anopheles arabienisis, Anopheles coluzzii, and A gambiae in all study sites. Anopheles gambiae sensu lato showed a strong phenotypic resistance to deltamethrin and permethrin in all sites (13% to 41% mortality). In many sites, pre-exposure to synergists partially improved the mortality rate suggesting the presence of detoxifying enzymes. The 3 kdr (L1014F, L1014S, and N1575Y) mutations were found, with a predominance of L1014F, in all species.
Multiple resistance mechanisms to pyrethroids were observed in A gambiae s.l. in Mali. The PBO provided a better partial restoration of susceptibility to pyrethroids, suggesting that the efficacy of long-lasting insecticidal nets may be improved with PBO.
基于杀虫剂的病媒控制有助于降低疟疾的死亡率和发病率。其成功取决于对病媒、其分布以及对所用杀虫剂的抗性状况有更深入的了解。本文评估了不同生态环境中冈比亚按蚊复合种群对拟除虫菊酯的抗性。
采用世界卫生组织标准生物测定试验评估按蚊复合种群对拟除虫菊酯的敏感性。用增效醚（PBO）、S，S，S-三丁基膦酸硫酯和马来酸二乙酯进行生化增效剂试验。采用 TaqMan 基因分型法检测 L1014F、L1014S 和 N1575Y 击倒抗性（kdr）突变。
在所研究的所有地点，按蚊复合种群均由阿拉伯按蚊、冈比亚按蚊和 A 型按蚊组成。在所有地点，按蚊复合种群对溴氰菊酯和氯菊酯均表现出强烈的表型抗性（死亡率为 13%至 41%）。在许多地点，增效剂预先暴露可部分提高死亡率，表明存在解毒酶。在所有物种中均发现了 3 种 kdr（L1014F、L1014S 和 N1575Y）突变，其中以 L1014F 为主。
在马里，按蚊复合种群对拟除虫菊酯表现出多种抗性机制。增效醚可更好地部分恢复对拟除虫菊酯的敏感性，表明增效醚可提高长效杀虫剂蚊帐的效果。
