Phillips Brianne E, Posner Lysa P, Lewbart Gregory A, Christiansen Emily F, Harms Craig A
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017 Apr 15;250(8):909-917. doi: 10.2460/javma.250.8.909.
OBJECTIVE To compare physiologic and anesthetic effects of alfaxalone administered IV to yearling loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) at 3 different doses. DESIGN Randomized crossover study. ANIMALS 9 healthy yearling loggerhead sea turtles. PROCEDURES Animals received each of 3 doses of alfaxalone (3 mg/kg [1.4 mg/lb], 5 mg/kg [2.3 mg/lb], or 10 mg/kg [4.5 mg/lb]) administered IV in randomly assigned order, with a minimum 7-day washout period between doses. Endotracheal intubation was attempted following anesthetic induction, and heart rate, sedation depth, cloacal temperature, and respirations were monitored. Times to first effect, induction, first voluntary muscle movement, first respiration, and recovery were recorded. Venous blood gas analysis was performed at 0 and 30 minutes. Assisted ventilation was performed if apnea persisted 30 minutes following induction. RESULTS Median anesthetic induction time for all 3 doses was 2 minutes. Endotracheal intubation was accomplished in all turtles following induction. Heart rate significantly increased after the 3- and 5-mg/kg doses were administered. Median intervals from alfaxalone administration to first spontaneous respiration were 16, 22, and 54 minutes for the 3-, 5-, and 10-mg/kg doses, respectively, and median intervals to recovery were 28, 46, and 90 minutes, respectively. Assisted ventilation was required for 1 turtle after receiving the 5-mg/kg dose and for 5 turtles after receiving the 10-mg/kg dose. The 10-mg/kg dose resulted in respiratory acidosis and marked hypoxemia at 30 minutes. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE IV alfaxalone administration to loggerhead sea turtles resulted in a rapid anesthetic induction and dose-dependent duration of sedation. Assisted ventilation is recommended if the 10 mg/kg dose is administered.
目的 比较静脉注射不同剂量的阿法沙龙对一岁龄蠵龟（蠵龟属）的生理和麻醉效果。设计 随机交叉研究。动物 9 只健康的一岁龄蠵龟。方法 动物按随机分配的顺序接受 3 种剂量的阿法沙龙（3 毫克/千克[1.4 毫克/磅]、5 毫克/千克[2.3 毫克/磅]或 10 毫克/千克[4.5 毫克/磅]）静脉注射，各剂量之间至少间隔 7 天的洗脱期。麻醉诱导后尝试进行气管插管，并监测心率、镇静深度、泄殖腔温度和呼吸。记录首次起效时间、诱导时间、首次自主肌肉运动时间、首次呼吸时间和恢复时间。在 0 和 30 分钟时进行静脉血气分析。如果诱导后呼吸暂停持续 30 分钟，则进行辅助通气。结果 所有 3 种剂量的中位麻醉诱导时间均为 2 分钟。诱导后所有海龟均成功完成气管插管。给予 3 毫克/千克和 5 毫克/千克剂量后心率显著增加。3 毫克/千克、5 毫克/千克和 10 毫克/千克剂量从阿法沙龙给药到首次自主呼吸的中位间隔时间分别为 16、22 和 54 分钟，恢复的中位间隔时间分别为 28、46 和 90 分钟。1 只海龟接受 5 毫克/千克剂量后和 5 只海龟接受 10 毫克/千克剂量后需要辅助通气。10 毫克/千克剂量在 30 分钟时导致呼吸性酸中毒和明显低氧血症。结论及临床意义 对蠵龟静脉注射阿法沙龙可导致快速麻醉诱导和剂量依赖性镇静持续时间。如果给予 10 毫克/千克剂量，建议进行辅助通气。
