Singh Niraj, Meena Baleshwar, Pal Ashish Kumar, Roy Roop Kumar, Tewari Sri Krishna, Tamta Sushma, Rana Tikam Singh
CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India.
J Genet. 2017 Mar;96(1):135-145. doi: 10.1007/s12041-017-0755-1.
The plastid genome regions of two intergenic spacers, psbA-trnH and trnL-trnF, were sequenced to study the nucleotide diversity and phylogenetic relationships among Gladiolus cultivars. Nucleotide diversity of psbA-trnH region was higher than trnL-trnF region of chloroplast. We employed Bayesian, maximum parsimony (MP) and neighbour-joining (NJ) approaches for phylogenetic analysis of Gladiolus and related taxa using combined datasets from chloroplast genome. The psbA-trnH and trnL-trnF intergenic spacers of Gladiolus and related taxa-like Babiana, Chasmanthe, Crocus, Iris, Moraea, Sisyrinchium, Sparaxis and two out group species (Hymenocallis littoralis and Asphodeline lutea) were used in the present investigation. Results showed that subfamily Iridoideae have sister lineage with subfamily Ixioideae and Crocoideae. H. littoralis and A. lutea were separately attached at the base of tree as the diverging Iridaceae relative's lineage. Present study revealed that psbA-trnH region are useful in addressing questions of phylogenetic relationships among the Gladiolus cultivars, as these intergenic spacers are more variable and have more phylogenetically informative sites than the trnL-trnF spacer, and therefore, are suitable for phylogenetic comparison on a lower taxonomic level. Gladiolus cultivars are extensively used as an ornamental crop and showed high potential in floriculture trade. Gladiolus cultivation still needs to generate new cultivars with stable phenotypes. Moreover, one of the most popular methods for generating new cultivars is hybridization. Hence, information on phylogenetic relationships among cultivars could be useful for hybridization programmes for further improvement of the crop.
对两个基因间隔区psbA-trnH和trnL-trnF的质体基因组区域进行测序，以研究唐菖蒲品种间的核苷酸多样性和系统发育关系。叶绿体psbA-trnH区域的核苷酸多样性高于trnL-trnF区域。我们采用贝叶斯法、最大简约法（MP）和邻接法（NJ），利用叶绿体基因组的组合数据集对唐菖蒲及相关类群进行系统发育分析。本研究使用了唐菖蒲及相关类群如鸢尾蒜属、裂柱莲属、番红花属、鸢尾属、肖鸢尾属、庭菖蒲属、小金梅草属、小苍兰属的psbA-trnH和trnL-trnF基因间隔区，以及两个外类群物种（海滨水鬼蕉和黄花阿福花）。结果表明，鸢尾亚科与小鸢尾亚科和番红花亚科具有姐妹谱系关系。海滨水鬼蕉和黄花阿福花分别作为鸢尾科相对分支的基部独立分支。本研究表明，psbA-trnH区域有助于解决唐菖蒲品种间的系统发育关系问题，因为这些基因间隔区比trnL-trnF间隔区具有更高的变异性和更多的系统发育信息位点，因此适合在较低分类水平上进行系统发育比较。唐菖蒲品种被广泛用作观赏作物，在花卉贸易中显示出很高的潜力。唐菖蒲种植仍需要培育具有稳定表型的新品种。此外，培育新品种最常用的方法之一是杂交。因此，品种间系统发育关系的信息可能有助于杂交计划，以进一步改良作物。
