Aras Şahbal, Özan Sema, Timbil Sevgi, Şemin Semih, Kasapçi Oya
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey.
Department of Medical Training, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey.
Noro Psikiyatr Ars. 2016 Dec;53(4):303-310. doi: 10.5152/npa.2016.11323. Epub 2016 Dec 1.
While peer abuse or physical violence in school is emphasized more, the physical and emotional violence caused by school staff has been emphasized less. The purpose of this study was to investigate the variables related to emotional and physical violence that students are exposed to in the school environment.
This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted by applying a questionnaire to 434 fifth-grade students receiving education in the primary schools in Konak district of Izmir province. Being prepared by the researchers of this study, the questionnaire consisted of questions about the socio-demographic features of the child and the family, the place where the child has been raised, family income, average grade, and the emotional and physical violence of teachers, parents, and peers s/he has been exposed to within the last year. The Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analyses.
The study group consisted of 214 (49.3%) female and 220 (50.7%) male students. Students reported that they were exposed to at least one type of emotional violence from 59.4% of teachers, 52.8% of parents, and 61.8% of children at school; they were exposed to at least one type of physical violence from 42.9% of teachers, 33.6% of parents, and 24.9% of children at school. While the rate of encountering with the beating of another child was 53%, the rate of watching this in television/cinema was 52.8%. Regarding exposure to at least one type of violence, males were found to be significantly more exposed to emotional and physical violence from male teachers, female teachers, and fathers and physical violence from children at school. The factors regarding the exposure to emotional and physical violence by teachers were evaluated using logistic regression analysis, and it was determined that the physical violence from teachers, emotional violence from children in school, and emotional violence from parents could predict the emotional violence from teachers. For males, physical violence from children in school and emotional violence from teachers could predict the physical violence from teachers.
In this study, the determination of the tendency of togetherness of different types of violence applied to students from different people groups like teachers, parents, and children in school makes us think about the possibility of common risk factors in terms of violence exposure. The risk factors determined in this study may guide us in planning protective interventions aimed at violence.
虽然校园中的同伴虐待或身体暴力受到了更多关注，但学校工作人员造成的身体和情感暴力却较少受到重视。本研究的目的是调查与学生在学校环境中所遭受的情感和身体暴力相关的变量。
本横断面描述性研究通过对在伊兹密尔省科纳克区小学接受教育的434名五年级学生进行问卷调查来开展。该问卷由本研究的研究人员编制，包括有关儿童及其家庭的社会人口学特征、儿童成长的地点、家庭收入、平均成绩，以及其在过去一年中所遭受的教师、父母和同伴的情感和身体暴力等问题。采用卡方检验、曼-惠特尼U检验和逻辑回归分析进行统计分析。
研究组包括214名（49.3%）女生和220名（50.7%）男生。学生报告称，他们遭受过至少一种情感暴力，来自59.4%的教师、52.8%的父母以及61.8%的校内儿童；他们遭受过至少一种身体暴力，来自42.9%的教师、33.6%的父母以及24.9%的校内儿童。遭遇其他儿童殴打行为的比例为53%，在电视/电影中看到此类行为的比例为52.8%。在遭受至少一种暴力方面，发现男性遭受男教师、女教师和父亲的情感和身体暴力以及校内儿童的身体暴力的比例显著更高。使用逻辑回归分析评估了教师造成情感和身体暴力的相关因素，结果确定教师的身体暴力、校内儿童的情感暴力以及父母的情感暴力可以预测教师的情感暴力。对于男性而言，校内儿童的身体暴力和教师的情感暴力可以预测教师的身体暴力。
在本研究中，确定了教师、父母和儿童等不同人群对学生实施的不同类型暴力的共同倾向，这使我们思考在暴力暴露方面存在共同风险因素的可能性。本研究确定的风险因素可能会指导我们规划针对暴力的保护性干预措施。
