Karaırmak Özlem, Figley Charles
a Bahçeşehir University.
b Tulane University.
J Gen Psychol. 2017 Apr-Jun;144(2):89-109. doi: 10.1080/00221309.2016.1276043. Epub 2017 Feb 21.
Resilience represents coping with adversity and is in line with a more positive paradigm for viewing responses to adversity. Most research has focused on resilience as coping-a state-based response to adversity. However, a competing hypothesis views resilience or resiliency as a trait that exists across time and types of adversity. We tested undergraduates enrolled in social work classes at a large southern university at two time periods during a single semester using measures of adversity, positive and negative affect, and trait-based resiliency. Consistent with the trait-based resiliency, and in contrast to state-based resilience, resiliency scores were not strongly correlated with adversity at both testing points but were with positive affect, and resiliency scores remained the same over time despite adversity variations. There was no gender or ethnic group difference in resilience scores. Black/African Americans reported significantly less negative affect and more positive affect than White/Caucasians.
复原力代表着应对逆境，并且符合一种看待对逆境反应的更积极范式。大多数研究将复原力聚焦于应对——一种基于状态的对逆境的反应。然而，一种与之竞争的假说是将复原力视为一种跨越时间和不同类型逆境而存在的特质。我们在一个学期的两个时间段，对一所大型南方大学中参加社会工作课程的本科生进行了测试，使用了逆境、积极和消极情绪以及基于特质的复原力的测量方法。与基于特质的复原力一致，与基于状态的复原力相反，在两个测试点上，复原力得分与逆境的相关性不强，但与积极情绪相关，并且尽管逆境有所变化，复原力得分随时间保持不变。复原力得分不存在性别或种族差异。黑人/非裔美国人报告的消极情绪显著少于白人/高加索人，积极情绪则更多。
